Cog wk 8. study :)

Question 1

Distinguish between the four different theoretical approaches in understanding the errors that people make in reasoning

(applied to both syllogisms and propositional reasoning)

Answer 1

• Heuristics (identifying simplifying strategies): Atmosphere & Matching
• Interpretation of terms (do pp understand what they’re being asked to do)
• Process Models (processes in brain)
• Framing and experience (similar to ecological rationality)

Question 2

Define propositional reasoning, syllogistic reasoning

Answer 2

Syllogistic: Quantifiers: ALL, SOME, NO, SOME NOT
Propositional: Conditionals: IF, AND, NOT, OR

Question 3

Explain the Wason selection task and factors that improve performance

Answer 3

Four cards following the: If p then q format

Performance improves with deontic reasoning

Improvements subject to framing and utility

Question 4

the different types of conclusions associated with propositional reasoning

Answer 4

If p (antecedent) then q (consequent)

Modus Ponens = given p so conclude q (valid)

Modus Tollens = given no q so conclude no p (valid)

Affirmation of the consequent = Given q so conclude p (invalid)

Denial of the antecedent = given no p so conclude no q (invalid)