Coagulation Modifiers

Question 1

Embolus vs Thrombus

Answer 1

Thrombus is blood clot & Embolus is clot that moves

Question 2

Anticoagulants

Answer 2

no effect on clot already formed more use for preventive

AE - bleeding

Question 3

Heparin

Answer 3

PTT (every 6 hrs) & monitor plaletes
antidote: Protamine sulfate 1 mg = 100 units of Heparin
2in from scars umbilicus,etc
Don’t aspirate or massage

Question 4

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Answer 4

take home drug
PT & INR ( norm is 1.0 but dx could be 2.0-3.5)
antidote: Vitamin K

Question 5

Warfarin interactions:

Answer 5

capsicum pepper, Garlic, Ginger, Ginko, St. John’s wort, feverfew

Question 6

Xalerto

Answer 6

dangerous no lab values but no antidote

Question 7

Nursing Implications

Answer 7

wear medical bracelet & avoid foods high in potassium
warfarin strongly contra in prego
LMWHs contra w/indwelling epidural catheter

Question 8

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Answer 8

platelets reduce more than 50% - stop heparin
Toxic effects - blood in stole, bleeding
warfarin - skin necrosis & purple toes syndrome
* may take 36-42 hours before liver can reverse warfarin effects

Question 9

Antiplatelet Drugs

Answer 9

aspirin
AE - excessive bleeding - use soft bristle toothbrush no contact sports
stop taking before surgery!

Question 10

Thrombolytic Drugs

Answer 10

end in “ase”
break down clots
BLEEDING - don’t fall
cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 11

Antifibrinolytic Drugs

Answer 11

promote clot formation

hemophilia

Question 12

Antilipemics

Answer 12

lower lipid levels
AE - muscle pain leading to rhalodomyolisis, GI issues
LDL less than 190
interact with grapefruit juice