Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Applied Biochem > Coagulation A Surgical Perspective- Exam III > Flashcards

Coagulation A Surgical Perspective- Exam III Flashcards

1
Q

What events occur in primary hemostasis? (3)

A

Vasoconstriction, Platelet activation, and platelet plug formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What events occur in secondary hemostasis?

A

Coagulation cascade and formation of fibrin clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What molecules degrades the blood clot after its done its job?

A

Plasmin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What event initiates hemostasis?

A

Vascular injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 phases of normal hemostasis?

A
  1. Vascular phase
  2. Platelet phase
  3. Coagulation phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes vasoconstriction following injury to a blood vessel?

A

Vascular spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the first step of the platelet phase?

A

Exposed collagen binds and activates platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the 2nd step of the platelet phase?

A

Release of platelet factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In the 3rd of the platelet phase after the release of platelet factors:

A

Attracts more platelts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In the final step of the platelet phase:

A

Platelet plug forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The plug formed in the platelet phase is:

A

Loose and temporary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What molecule do platelets bind during the platelet phase?

A

Collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What pathways are involved in the coagulation phase?

A

Intrinsic, Extrinsic and common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The common pathway ultimately leads to:

A

Cross-linking of fibrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name the pathway that involves the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drug affects clotting?

A

Warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What drug affects platelets?

A

Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What someone has issues with _____, this is a bleeding issue.

A

Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Partial or complete dissolution of the hemostatic plug by plasmin

A

Fibrinolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What activates plasmin?

A

Thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

List factors affecting a normal hemostasis mechanism (5)

A
  1. Vessel wall integrity
  2. Adequate numbers of platelets
  3. Proper functioning of platelets
  4. Adequate levels of clotting factors
  5. Proper function of the fibrinolytic pathway
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

You can not do oral surgery if the platelet count is:

A

Less than 50k

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the normal platelet range?

A

150,000-400,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

People with normal numbers of platelets (150-400k) can still have:

A

Issues with platelet function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What medications can affect platelet function?

A

Aspirin & Plavix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When someone has a platelet deficiency what can be an affective treatment?

A

Platelet diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What clotting disorders should you be aware of as a clinician?

A

Hemophilia A and Hemophilia B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Hemophilia A deals with clotting factor:

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Hemophilia B deals with clotting factor:

A

9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Platelet count is measured in a:

A

CBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are common laboratory tests to evaluate hemostasis? (3)

A

Platelet count
Bleeding Time
Coagulation profile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What tests make up the coagulation profile? (3)

A
  1. Prothrombin time (PT)
  2. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
  3. International normalized ratio (INR)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are the advanced tests to evaluation hemostasis? (2)

A
  1. Platelet function test
  2. Clotting factor Assays (II-XII)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

A test that may be recommended for those who bruise easily, have excessive bleeding, or take medications after a stroke or heart attach that can alter platelet function.

A

Platelet function test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What measure the levels of functional activity of one or more coagulation factors?

A

Clotting factor assays (II-XII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Standard range for WBC:

A

4.5-11.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Standard range for RBC:

A

3.5-5.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Standard range for Hgb:

A

12-15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Standard range for platelet count

A

150-400k

40
Q

A platelet count of 100,000-140,000:

A

Thrombocytopenia

41
Q

An individual with a platelet count of 100-140k diagnosed with thrombocytopenia will have a bleeding time that is:

A

Normal

42
Q

What type of procedures can you perform on an individual with thrombocytopenia?

A

ALL

43
Q

An individual with a platelet count of 50,000 to 100,000

A

Mild thrombocytopenia

44
Q

An individual with mild thrombocytopenia with a platelet count of 50k-100k will experience what type of bleeding time:

A

Mild prolonged bleeding time

45
Q

What type of procedures can you do in a patient with mild thrombocytopenia? (50 - 100k platelets)

A

Simple extractions but no major surgeries?

46
Q

Platelet count of less than 50,000 is considered:

A

Severe thormbocytopenia

47
Q

What kind of procedures can be done in an individual with severe thrombocytopenia?

A

None

48
Q

Individuals with a platelet count of less than 20,000 will have:

A

Spontaneous bleeding

49
Q

How long should it take a precise Knick to stop bleeding?

A

2-9 minutes

50
Q

Normal bleeding time:

A

2-9 minutes

51
Q

Bleeding time provides an assessment of:

A

Platelet function

52
Q

A bleeding time of 9-15 minutes is indicative of:

A

Platelet dysfunction

53
Q

What test measure the effectiveness of the extrinsic pathway?

A

Prothrombin time (PT)

54
Q

The prothrombin time test measures the rate of conversion of:

A

Factor 12-12a (VII to VIIa)

55
Q

What is a normal prothrombin time

A

12-13 seconds

56
Q

What are common causes for prolonged prothrombin time? (3)

A
  1. Warfarin use
  2. vitamin K deficiency
  3. Liver disease
57
Q

What test measures the effectiveness of the intrinsic and common pathway?

A

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)

58
Q

Test that measures the intrinsic clotting of blood and congenital clotting disorders?

A

APTT

59
Q

What is considered a more sensitive version of the PTT and is used to monitor the patietns resonse to heparin therapy?

A

Activated Partial Thromboplastin time

60
Q

What is a normal time frame for aPTT?

A

30-40 seconds

61
Q

If someone has an aPTT of more than 70 seconds this would signify:

A

Spontaneous bleeding

62
Q

Congenital deficiencies of intrinsic system clotting factors such as factors VIII, IX, XI, and XII, including hemophilia A, and hemophilia B can cause a prolonged:

A

APTT

63
Q

What is the most commonly inherited bleeding disorder affecting platelet function?

A

Von Willebrand Disease

64
Q

What makes most of the clotting factors including the ones that are vitamin K dependent?

A

The liver

65
Q

Liver cirrhosis can cause a prolonged:

A

APTT

66
Q

The synthesis of some clotting factors requires vitamin K, so vitamin K deficiency results in an inadequate quantity of intrinsic system and common pathway clotting factors resulting in a prolonged:

A

APTT

67
Q

What inhibits the intrinsic pathway at several points?

A

Heparin therapy

68
Q

Heparin therapy results in a:

A

Prolonged aPTT

69
Q

What inhibits the function of factors I, IX, and X, prolonging the aPTT?

A

Coumadin therapy

70
Q
  • Congenital deficiencies of intrinsic clotting factors (8,9,11,12)
  • Von willebrand disease
  • Liver cirrhosis
  • Vitamin K deficiency
  • Heparin therapy
  • Coumadin therapy

People affected by any of these will have a:

A

Prolonged aPTT

71
Q

What does INR stand for?

A

International Normalized ratio

72
Q

The INR equation is:

A

Patient PT / mean normal PT and raised to ISI

73
Q

ISI stands for:

A

International sensitivity index

74
Q

What is the ISI value normally between?

A

1.0-2.0

75
Q

What is a normal INR level?

A

0.8-1.2

76
Q

Therapeutic INR level?

A

2-3.5

77
Q

An INR target of 2.5 (2.0-3.0) is the goal for all of the following circumstances: (7)

A

AF, Ischemic stroke, TIA, systemic embolism, Mitral stenosis, Planned cardioversion, and after open heart surgery

78
Q

We want a slightly higher INR of around 2.5 for patients with conditions that could make them:

A

Have a blood clot

79
Q
  1. Bleeding time:
  2. PT
  3. APTT
  4. INR
  5. Therapeutic INR
A
  1. 2-9 minutes
  2. 12-13 seconds
  3. 30-40 second
  4. 0.8-1.2
  5. 2-3.5
80
Q

What bleeding disorders are more common? (Congenital or acquired)

A

Acquired

81
Q

Someone taking Ibuprofen, Aspirin, or NSAIDs can be at risk for:

A

Compromised platelet number

82
Q

What 3 bleeding disorders constitute over 90 percent of all congenital bleeding disorders?

A

Hemophilia A, Hemophilia B, and Von willebrands

83
Q

What has a higher prevalence hemophilia A or B?

A

A (1 in 10k)

84
Q

Both hemophilia A and B are inherited in a:

A

Sex-linked recessive manner

85
Q

What sex does hemophilia affect more frequently?

A

Males

86
Q

What is bleeding in between the joints?

A

Hemoarthrosis

87
Q

The biggest concern is when people have ____ case of hemophilia

A

Mild

88
Q

Why is mild hemophilia of great concern?

A

Because typically patients aren’t aware

89
Q

What is prepared from plasma and contains fibrinogen, fibronectin, Von willebrand factor, Factor VIII, and Factor IX and is given to patient through IV

A

Cryoprecipitate

90
Q

Desmopressin can be given to a patient with:

A

Hemophilia A

91
Q

What part of hemostasis does von willebrands disease affect?

A

Primary

92
Q

There are 3 types of Von Willebrands disease:

Type 1 involves:
Type 2 involves:
Type 3 involves:

A

Type 1: shortage of VWF
Type 2: Flawed VWF
Type 3: Absent VWF

93
Q

What is the most common form of VWD?

A

Type 1

94
Q

What are two causes of thrombocytopenia?

A
  1. Decreased platelet production
  2. Increased platelet destruction
95
Q

If a patient is on oral anticoagulant antiplatelet treatment are they recommended to stop use prior to a minor oral surgery procedure?

A

NO

96
Q

Decision to hold an anticoagulant/ antiplatelet therapeutic drug can only be made by:

A

Physician (not dentist)

Applied Biochem (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions