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Pharm > COAG.HYPERLIPID > Flashcards

COAG.HYPERLIPID Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamin K dependent anticoagulant

A

Warfarin (PT)

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2
Q

Warfarin is contraindicated in

A

Pregnancy

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3
Q

Anticoagulant of choice in pregnancy

A

Heparin

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4
Q

Heparin (PTT) increases activity of

A

Antithrombin 3

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5
Q

Route of administration of warfarin

A

Oral

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6
Q

Routes of administration of heparin

A

IV and subQ

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7
Q

SE of both warfarin and heparin

A

Bleeding

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8
Q

SE of heparin

A

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

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9
Q

Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops

A

Lepirudin

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10
Q

Antidote to reverse actions of warfarin

A

Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma

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11
Q

Antidote to reverse actions of heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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12
Q

MOA of aspirin

A

Irreversibly blocks COX1 and COX2

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13
Q

Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI

A

Aspirin

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14
Q

SE of Aspirin

A

GI bleeding

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15
Q

Antiplatelet drug reserved for patients allergic to aspirin

A

Ticlopidine

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16
Q

SE for ticlopidine

A

Neutropenia and agranulocytosis

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17
Q

Effective in preventing TIA’s

A

Clopidogrel and ticlopidine

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18
Q

Prevents thrombosis in patients with artificial heart valve

A

Dipyridamole

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19
Q

Block glycoprotein IIb/IIIa involved in platelet cross-linking

A

Abciximab, tirofiban and eptifibatide

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20
Q

MOA of thrombolytics

A

Lyse thrombi by catalyzing the formation of plasmin which binds fibrin

21
Q

Thrombolytics are used for

A

Pulmonary embolism and DVT

22
Q

Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction

A

Streptokinase

23
Q

Thrombolytic used for acute MI and ischemic (non hemorrhagic) CVA

A

Tissue plasmin activator

24
Q

SE of tPA

A

Cerebral hemorrhage

25
Q

Antidote for thrombolytics

A

Aminocaproic acid

26
Q

Agent to treat hypochromic microcytic anemias

A

Ferrous sulfate

27
Q

Chelating agent used in acute iron toxicity

A

Deferoxamine

28
Q

Agent for pernicious anemia

A

Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)

29
Q

Agent used for neurological deficits in megaloblastic anemia

A

Vitamin B12

30
Q

Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does NOT reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy

A

Folic acid

31
Q

Agent used for anemias associated with renal failure

A

Erythropoietin

32
Q

Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy

A

G-CSF (filgrastim) and GM-CSF (sargramostim)

33
Q

Treatment of patients with prior episodes of thrombocytopenia after a cycle of cancer chemotherapy

A

Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)

34
Q

Decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol

A

Bile acid-binding resins

35
Q

Cholestyramine and colestipol are

A

Bile acid-binding resins

36
Q

Major nutritional side effect of bile acid-binding resins

A

Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A,D,E,K)

37
Q

MOA of lovastatin (STATIN)

A

inhibits HMG COA reductase

38
Q

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors are contraindicated in

A

Pregnancy

39
Q

How drug or foods (grapefruit juice) increase statin effect

A

Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4

40
Q

SE of HMG COA reductase inhibitors

A

Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity

41
Q

Monitoring parameter to obtain before initiation of STATINS

A

LFT’s

42
Q

Decreases liver triglycerol synthesis

A

Niacin

43
Q

SE of niacin

A

Cutaneous flush

44
Q

Cutaneous flush due to niacin can be reduced by pretreatment with

A

Aspirin

45
Q

Fibrates (gemfibrozil) increase activity of

A

Lipoprotein lipase

46
Q

Most common SE of fibrates

A

Nausea

47
Q

Fibrates are contraindicated in

A

Pregnancy

48
Q

Concurrent use of fibrates and statins increases risk of

A

Rhabdomyolysis

49
Q

Class of drugs that works by inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol and can be given concurrently with the Statins

A

Ezetimibe (Zetia)

Pharm (12 decks)

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