CNS Eye Vision (Witwer)

Question 1

What innervates the superior oblique

Answer 1

CN IV

Question 2

What innervates the lateral rectus

Answer 2

CN VI

Question 3

What NS stimulates production of tears?

Answer 3

PSNS

Question 4

What are the contents of the cavernous sinus?

Answer 4

Oculomotor - CN3
Trochlear - CN4
Ophthalmic - CN V1
Maxillary - CN V2
Carotid artery
Abducens - CN6
Trochlear

Question 5

CN II is the ____ nerve, which is the sensory innervation of ____

Answer 5

• optic

- vision

Question 6

Pituitary tumors can compress the optic nerve and cause ____

Answer 6

bitemporal hemianopia

Question 7

CN III is the ____ nerve, which serves as the motor innervation to which EOMs?

Answer 7

• Oculomotor

- SR, MR, IR, IO, and levator palpebrae superioris

Question 8

The constrictor muscle of the pupil is the ____, which is part of the ____ NS.

Answer 8

Sphincter pupillae

PSNS

Question 9

Ciliary muscles contract –> Zonular fibers relax –> Lens becomes ____.
This process is known as ____

Answer 9

• rounder

- accommodation

Question 10

What is the near reaction response?

Answer 10

1. Eyes converge
2. Pupils constrict
3. Accomodation

Question 11

____ structurally stiffens the eyelid and has 2 muscles attached, the ____ and ____.

Answer 11

• Tarsus
• Levator palpebrae superioris
• superior tarsal muscle

Question 12

____ is the paralysis of the ciliary muscles, causing loss of ____

Answer 12

• Cyclopleia

- accomodation

Question 13

____ causes compression and paralysis of CN ____, causing pupils to be fixed and dilated.

Answer 13

Uncal herniation

CN 3 - oculomotor

Question 14

____ Syndrome occurs when the superior cerval ganglion of the SNS is damaged.

Answer 14

Horner’s Syndrome

Question 15

What 3 things happen in Horner’s Syndrome?

Answer 15

• Ptsosis
• Anhidrosis
• Miosis

Question 16

Superior oblique muscles is innervated by CN ____ which is the ____ nerve

Answer 16

CN IV

Trochlear

Question 17

The superior oblique muscle is needed for what 2 main things?

Answer 17

Reading and walking downstairs

Question 18

In vertical diplopia, the eye deviates ____. To compensate, the head is tilted to ____, causing a “pathetic look”

Answer 18

• medially

- tilted to normal side

Question 19

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V) has what 3 divisions?

Answer 19

• ophthalmic (V1)
• maxillary (V2)
• mandibular (V3)

Question 20

The corneal (blink) reflex involves the afferent limb of the ____ nerve and is carried out by the efferent limb of the ____ nerve

Answer 20

• Ophthalmic - CN V1

- Facial - CN7

Question 21

In a blow out fracture, what muscle can be trapped?

Answer 21

• Inferior rectus

Question 22

CN VI is the ____ nerve, which innervates the ____ muscle

Answer 22

• Abducens

- Lateral rectus

Question 23

The cornea’s refractive power is ____, and the lens’ refractive power is ____. Focal length of the eyeball is 17mm, requiring ____ diopters to bend light to focus on the retina

Answer 23

• 40 diopters
• 20 diopters
• 59 diopters

Question 24

____ glands secrete a lipid substance that prevents evaporation of tears

Answer 24

Meibomian glands

Question 25

________ is a sudden loss of vision and is considered an emergency

Answer 25

Amaurosis fugax

Question 26

The sclera is continuous with the ____, which is why when there is increased ICP, ________ can occur

Answer 26

• dura

- papilledema

Question 27

____ is a cancer that starts in the retina, with the common presentation of ____

Answer 27

abnormal light reflex