Abx Classifications Flashcards
Do PCNs cover MRSA
No
What are the 1st generation cephalosporins that cover mostly gram + (staph and strep) not MRSA
cephalexin (Keflex)
cefazolin (Ancef)
2nd gen cephalosporins are more gram - coverage and are used more for what
respiratory infections
3rd gen cephalosporin examples? coverage?
- ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
- Ceftibuten (cedax)
- cefoxatime (Claforan)
- less gram pos, more gram neg
___ is a 4th generation cephalosporin and has pseudomonal activity with good gram ____ coverage
- cefepime (Maxipime)
- gram positive
which is the only cephalosporin to have MRSA coverage
ceftaroline (Teflaro)
Carbapenems are part of the _____ family and have gram ____ coverage
- beta-lactam
- negative
_____ are watched carefully due to high risk of resistance
Carbapenems
Ertapenem has ____ coverage but NO pseudomonas coverage
negative
what are the beta-lactam inhibitors? which has pseudo coverage?
- amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin)
- piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) = Psuedo Cov.
- ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn) (dog/cat bites)
which bacteria do fluoroquinolones cover
gram - and gram +
cipro and levofloxacin have good pseudo coverage
what are the fluoroquinolones? which are good for resp?
- ciprofloxacin
- levofloxacin (resp)
- moxifloxacin (resp)
what do macrolides cover
- atypical pna
- pertussis
- H. flu
- some gram +
what are ex of macrolides
- erythromycin
- azithromycin
- clarithromycin
what do sulfas cover? example?
gram - and MRSA
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
lincosamide ex? what does it cover
- clindamycin
- gram + and anaerobic (ABOVE diaphragm)
glycopeptide ex? what does it cover
vancomycin
gram + and MRSA
differentiate between vancomycin routes of administration
PO = for c. diff IV = systemic
tetracycline examples? what do they cover
- doxycycline
- minocycline
- tetracycline
gram + and MRSA
skin and some respiratory
Glycylcyline ex? what does it cover?
tigecyline (Tigacyl)
BROAD, w/ MRSA,
NO pseudo
Oxazolidinones ex? what does it cover
-zolids
gram + and MRSA
Lipopeptide ex? coverage?
daptomycin (Cubicin)
gram + and MRSA
no lung penetration
Nitroimidazole ex? coverage?
- metronidazole (Flagyl)
- tinidazole (Tindamax)
anaerobic coverage BELOW diaphragm
commons antifungals and typical coverage
- fluconazole (Diflucan) – general yeast
- miconazole (Monistat) – vag yeast
- voriconazole (Vfend) – serious fungal infxn, molds
