Cloud Computing Flashcards
Traditional IT Deployment Models: On Premises
All equipment is in your building & owned by you
Clear lines of demarcation
- –Everything in your building is your responsibility
- –Connections between offices are ISPs responsibility
Equipment is CapEx (bought up front)
New equipment will typically take 1+ weeks to deploy
Equipment requires tech refreshes
Must consider redundancy
Traditional IT Deployment Models: Colocation Facilities
Data center location where owner of the facility rents out space to external customers
Facility owner provides power, cooling, & physical security for their customer’s server, storage, and networking equipment
Independent colo providers such as Equinix offer customers multiple network connectivity options through a choice of different SPs
Network SPs also typically peer with each other in colo facilities
You own your own server, storage, & networking equipment within colo facility
Connections between offices & colo are SPs responsibility
Your equipment within colo facility is CapEx cost (upfront investment)
Monthly colo hosting fees are OpEx expense (day-to-day expenditures)
New equipment takes 1+ weeks to deploy
Consider redundancy
On-Demand Self-Service
A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time & network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service provider. - NIST
Rapid Elasticity
Capabilities can be elastically provisioned & released, in some cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward & inward commensurate with demand. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited & can be appropriated in any quantity at any time. - NIST
Broad Network Access
Capabilities are available over the network & accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms. - NIST
Resource Pooling
The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical & virtual resources dynamically assigned & reassigned according to consumer demand. - NIST
Measured Service
Cloud systems automatically control & optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (storage, processing, bandwidth, active user accounts) - NIST
Popular Type 1 & 2 Hypervisors
Popular Type 1 Hypervisors:
- –VMware ESXi
- –Microsoft Hyper-V
- –Red Hat KVM
- –Oracle VM Server
- –Citrix XenServer
Popular Type 2 Hypervisors:
- –VMware Workstation/Player/Fusion
- –VirtualBox
- –QEMU
- –Parallels
Clustering
Supports combining multiple physical systems into a single virtual system
Provides redundancy & increased performance
Virtualizing Network Devices
Please refer to the diagrams in the study guide
IaaS
Infrastructure as a Service:
Data, applications, & OS are managed by the customer
—Data
—Applications
—Operating System
Hypervisor
Compute
Storage
Network
Facility
PaaS
Platform as a Service:
Data & applications are managed by the customer
—Data
—Applications
Custom Environment (in some cases)
Operating System
Hypervisor
Compute
Storage
Network
Facility
SaaS
Software as a Service:
Everything is managed by the SP
Data Applications Operating System Hypervisor Compute Storage Network Facility
Public Cloud
Cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public
It may be owned, managed, & operated by a business, academic, or government organization (or some combination)
It exists on the premises of the cloud provider
Most common deployment model
Private Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers
It may be owned, managed, & operated by the organization, a third party, or some combination
It may exist on or off premises
Works the same way as a public cloud, but services are provided to internal business units instead of to external public enterprises
A business unit orders a new server typically via web portal
—Server is then completely automatically provisioned
Community Cloud
Cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns
Least common deployment model. Sometimes used in government environments
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud infrastructure is a composition of 2+ distinct cloud infrastructures that remain unique entities, but are bound together by a standardized or proprietary technology that enables data & application portability
Cloud Advantages: Scalability
Cloud computing provides businesses with the ability to regulate the service in accordance with their current requirements
- –Scale capacity up/down as needed
- –Infinite computing capacity on demand
- –Flexibility via cloud bursting
Cloud Advantages: Business Agility
Ability to handle expected/unexpected changes in load
Reduced time to deploy an app into production
Cloud Advantages: Cost Efficiency
Customer pays just for what’s needed (directly proportional costs)
Customer avoids provisioning & paying for the peak as a permanent fixture
Move from a large upfront CapEx cost to a comparatively small monthly OpEx cost
ICT costs are more transparent to the business
Customer doesn’t have depreciable hardware assets
Tech refresh is responsibility of the cloud provider
Provider passes hardware maintenance costs onto the customer as part of the predictable monthly fee (no unexpected costs)
Cloud Advantages: Competitive Advantage
Reducing capital spent on infrastructure releases funds to invest in innovation or other priority areas
Organizations can respond quickly to evolving market trends & focus on growing their core business
Cloud Advantages: Productivity
IT can focus more on strategic decisions & developing/improving core applications rather than maintaining or troubleshooting hardware infrastructure
Cloud Advantages: Availability & Reliability
All major cloud providers’ facilities are located in hardened data centers with redundant power (no single points of failure)
The service will be certified to relevant industry standards (IE ISO 9001 & 27001)
