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EPI 2 > Clostridium > Flashcards

Clostridium Flashcards

1
Q

Most clostridia have low invasive capacity

A

True

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2
Q

Spores of clostridia are generally very resistant against heat

A

True

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3
Q

The habitat of clostridia is the gut and the soil

A

True

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4
Q

Clostridia are obligate aerobic bacteria

A

False

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5
Q

Clostridium perfringens is an obligate pathogenic bacterium

A

False

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6
Q

Clostridium perfringens can produce main and auxillary toxins

A

True

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7
Q

Extracellular enzymes and toxins are virulence factors of clostridia

A

True

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8
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of diseases caused by clostridia

A

False

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9
Q

Clostridium is anaerobe spore forming bacteria

A

True

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10
Q

Clostridium bacteria is not in the environment, because it cannot tolerate oxygen

A

False

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11
Q

Clostridium spreads usually rapid in a herd

A

False

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12
Q

Clostridium spread mostly with insecticides

A

False

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13
Q

Clostridium difficile can be treated with metronidazole

A

True

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14
Q

Clostridium difficile is seen in foal and piglets

A

True

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15
Q

Many Clostridium species have flagella

A

False

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16
Q

Clostridium species are only found in the subtropics

A

False

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17
Q

Clostridium can cause severe contagious diseases

A

False

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18
Q

Clostridium are obligate pathogens

A

False

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19
Q

Anaculture or anatoxin vaccines are used for the prevention of malignant oedema

A

True

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20
Q

Cl. chauvoei is the agent of malignant oedema

A

False

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21
Q

Lesions of malignant oedema are mainly seen in the large muscles

A

True

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22
Q

Malignant oedema is generally endogenous in cattle

A

False

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23
Q

Malignant oedema is generally a consequence of wound infection

A

True

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24
Q

Movement difficulties are frequently seen in the case of malignant oedema

A

True

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25
Q

Clostridium novyi can cause malignant oedema

A

True

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26
Q

Malignant oedema can be diagnosed based on clinical signs

A

False

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27
Q

Malignant oedema is caused due to wound infection

A

True

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28
Q

Malignant oedema is only in ruminants

A

False

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29
Q

Malignant oedema, one of the clinical signs is lameness/movement problems

A

True

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30
Q

Malignant oedema, attenuated vaccine for prevention

A

False

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31
Q

Clostridium channel is the agent of malignant oedema

A

False

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32
Q

Malignant oedema is generally a consequence of a wound infection

A

True

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33
Q

Clostridium septicum is an agent of malignant oedema

A

True

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34
Q

Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of malignant oedema

A

False

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35
Q

Clostridium histolyticum can cause malignant oedema

A

True

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36
Q

Agents of malignant oedema can be detected by bacterium culture

A

True

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37
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of malignant oedema

A

False

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38
Q

Malignant oedema occurs in ruminants and pigs

A

True

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39
Q

Malignant oedema is an acute fatal disease

A

True

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40
Q

Malignant oedema can be treated with antibiotics

A

False

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41
Q

Malignant oedema can occur in any warm-blooded animal

A

True

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42
Q

Once an area is infected with gas gangrene re-occurrence is common

A

True

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43
Q

Malignant oedema cannot occur in swine

A

False

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44
Q

Malignant oedema usually develop following an endogenous infection

A

False

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45
Q

Malignant oedema is well treated with long-term antibiotics therapy

A

False

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46
Q

Malignant oedema can be treated with polymyxin

A

False

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47
Q

Malignant oedema can be well treated with antibiotics over a long period

A

False

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48
Q

Is gas gangrene (malignant oedema) a regional illness

A

False

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49
Q

The lesions of malignant oedema are mainly seen in the lungs

A

False

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50
Q

Blackleg is caused by Clostridium septicum

A

False

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51
Q

Lesions of blackleg are mainly seen on the claws

A

False

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52
Q

Lameness is a clinical sign of blackleg

A

True

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53
Q

Blackleg is a frequent disease in pigs

A

False

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54
Q

Generally attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg

A

False

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55
Q

Anaculture or anatoxin vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg

A

True

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56
Q

Blackleg occurs only in tropical and subtropical countries

A

False

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57
Q

Generally attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg

A

False

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58
Q

Blackleg generally occurs in endemic form

A

True

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59
Q

Blackleg occurs most frequently in pigs

A

False

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60
Q

Blackleg occurs most frequently in pigs

A

False

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61
Q

Blackleg is a gas gangrene disease

A

True

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62
Q

Blackleg is generally endogenous in sheep

A

False

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63
Q

Blackleg is generally endogenous in cattle

A

True

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64
Q

Movement disorders and lameness can be clinical signs of Blackleg

A

True

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65
Q

Clostridium chauvoei can produce acids and gas from carbohydrates

A

True

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66
Q

Blackleg occurs mainly in ruminants

A

True

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67
Q

Oedema is a typical clinical sign of blackleg

A

True

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68
Q

Live vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg

A

False

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69
Q

Blackleg infects ovine through wounds

A

True

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70
Q

In Blackleg disease we use attenuated vaccine

A

False

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71
Q

In the case of sheep, blackleg is generally consequence of a wound infection

A

True

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72
Q

Oedema in the muscles is a typical clinical sign of blackleg

A

True

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73
Q

Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg

A

False

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74
Q

Blackleg is caused by Clostridium chauvoei

A

True

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75
Q

Severe diarrhoea is the main clinical sign of blackleg

A

False

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76
Q

Blackleg is caused by Clostridium septicum

A

False

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77
Q

Blackleg occurs in cattle and sheep

A

True

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78
Q

If antibiotics are applied after appearance of the clinical signs of blackleg, treatment is
generally successful

A

False

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79
Q

Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg

A

False

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80
Q

Blackleg disease occurs only in ruminants

A

False

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81
Q

Blackleg can usually be treated with antibiotics successfully

A

False

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82
Q

Blackleg in cattle is mainly endogenous between 6 months-3 years old

A

False

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83
Q

The disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei occurs mainly in cattle and sheep

A

True

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84
Q

The disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei is primarily the result of endogenous infection
in cattle

A

True

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85
Q

Blackleg has four toxins

A

True

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86
Q

Blackleg can be prevented by using vaccine

A

True

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87
Q

We use neomycin and polymyxin to treat disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei

A

False

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88
Q

Blackleg in cattle is mainly endogenous between 2 months-2 years old

A

True

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89
Q

Blackleg in bovine is caused by wound infections

A

False

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90
Q

Classical swine fever is a frequent predisposing factor of bradsot

A

False

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91
Q

Oedema in the wall of the abomasum and duodenum are postmortem lesions of bradsot

A

True

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92
Q

Bradsot is caused by Clostridium chauvoei

A

False

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93
Q

Bradsot occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical countries

A

False

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94
Q

Soil contaminated frozen feed is a frequent predisposing factor of bradsot

A

True

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95
Q

Frozen food is a predisposing factor of bradsot

A

True

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96
Q

Bradsot occurs mainly late autumn and winter

A

True

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97
Q

Overeating can predispose the animals to bradsot

A

False

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98
Q

Thickening of and oedema in the stomach wall are typical lesions of bradsot

A

True

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99
Q

Aminoglycosides are successfully used for treatment in the case of bradsot

A

False

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100
Q

Bradsot is mainly seen in late autumn and winter

A

True

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101
Q

Bradsot is caused by Clostridium septicum

A

True

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102
Q

Severe pneumonia is a typical clinical sign of bradsot

A

False

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103
Q

Bradsot has a very fast course

A

True

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104
Q

Bradsot occurs only in suckling lambs

A

False

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105
Q

Bradsot is typically a chronic disease

A

False

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106
Q

Bradsot is common in the summer out on the pasture

A

False

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107
Q

Bradsot is an acute disease resulting in sudden death in many cases

A

True

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108
Q

We can use anaculture strain vaccine against Bradsot

A

True

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109
Q

Bradsot causes oedema of the legs and necrosis

A

False

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110
Q

Post mortem lesions of bradsot can be seen in the stomach (rennet)

A

True

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111
Q

Köves disease is an indicator disease

A

True

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112
Q

CSF is a predisposing factor of koves disease

A

True

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113
Q

Köves disease can be seen in pigs

A

True

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114
Q

Köves disease is caused by Clostridium chavoei

A

False

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115
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is mainly seen in pigs

A

False

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116
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis can be prevented by using anatoxin vaccines

A

True

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117
Q

Liver fluke can predispose animals to infectious necrotic hepatitis

A

True

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118
Q

In sheep, Clostridium septicum causes necrotic liver infection

A

False

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119
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis causes inflammation and necrotic nodules in the liver

A

True

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120
Q

There is no vaccine to prevent infectious necrotic hepatitis

A

False

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121
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium septicum

A

False

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122
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is mainly seen in suckling lambs

A

False

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123
Q

Parasite infection is a frequent predisposing effect of infectious necrotic hepatitis

A

True

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124
Q

Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of infectious necrotic hepatitis

A

True

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125
Q

Anatoxin vaccines can be used for the prevention of infectious necrotic hepatitis

A

True

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126
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium septicum

A

False

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127
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium novyi

A

True

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128
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is spread by tick

A

False

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129
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium novyi type B

A

True

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130
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis is found worldwide

A

True

131
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis can be transmitted by liver flukes

A

False

132
Q

Infectious necrotic hepatitis occurs mostly in young sheep

A

False?

133
Q

There is intravascular haemolysis in the case of bacillary haemoglobinuria

A

True

134
Q

Bacillary haemoglobinuria is caused by Clostridium haemolyticum

A

True

135
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of bacillary hemoglobinuria

A

False

136
Q

Phospholipase C is a virulence factor of the agent of bacillary hemoglobinuria

A

True

137
Q

Bacillary haemoglobinuria is mainly seen in cattle

A

True

138
Q

Bacillary haemoglobinuria is caused by Clostridium septicum

A

False

139
Q

Jaundice and anaemia are important clinical signs of bacillary hemoglobinuria

A

True

140
Q

Red urine is a typical clinical sign of bacillary hemoglobinuria

A

True

141
Q

Bacillary hemoglobinuria is a slow, chronic disease

A

False

142
Q

Bacillary hemoglobinuria can frequently be seen in horses

A

False

143
Q

Clostridium novyi is the causative agent of bacillary hemoglobinuria

A

False

144
Q

Bacillary hemoglobinuria causes severe haemorrhages

A

True

145
Q

Bacillary hemoglobinuria are caused by infection from the soil

A

True

146
Q

Lamb dysentery occurs in a week old animal

A

True

147
Q

Isolation of the agent from the gut gives aetiologic diagnosis of lamb dysentery

A

False

148
Q

Isolation of Cl. perfringens from the gut confirms the diagnosis of lamb dysentery

A

False

149
Q

Lesions of lamb dysentery are generally seen in the large intestine

A

False

150
Q

Lesions of lamb dysentery can be seen in the small intestine

A

True

151
Q

Lamb dysentery is caused by Clostridium perfringens B

A

True

152
Q

Lambs have to be vaccinated with anatoxin vaccine in order to prevent lamb dysentery

A

False

153
Q

Lambs have to be vaccinated with attenuated vaccine in order to prevent lamb dysentery

A

False

154
Q

Pregnant ewes have to be vaccinated in order to prevent lamb dysentery

A

True

155
Q

Haemorrhagic diarrhoea is a clinical sign of lamb dysentery

A

True

156
Q

Lamb dysentery can be seen in lambs around weaning

A

False

157
Q

Lamb dysentery is found in 3-4-week-old lambs

A

False

158
Q

Pathological lesions of Lamb dysentery starts in the colon

A

False

159
Q

We can culture the pathogen of Lamb dysentery from the intestines

A

True

160
Q

Lamb dysentery is caused by Clostridium dysenteriae

A

False

161
Q

Lamb dysentery can be seen in lambs after weaning

A

False

162
Q

There is no vaccine for the prevention of lamb dysentery

A

False

163
Q

Lamb dysentery occurs in 2-6 weeks old lambs

A

False

164
Q

For diagnosis of lamb dysentery, the pathogen should be cultured from the intestine

A

True

165
Q

Pathological symptoms of lamb dysentery can be found in the large intestines

A

False

166
Q

Lamb dysentery can be prevented by vaccinating pregnant ewes

A

True

167
Q

Lamb dysentery can be successfully treated with penicillin when clinical signs appear

A

False

168
Q

Lamb dysentery occurs in a week-old animal

A

True

169
Q

Lamb dysentery can be diagnosed by culturing the bacteria

A

True

170
Q

Newborn lambs have to be vaccinated in order to prevent lamb dysentery

A

False

171
Q

Toxoid vaccines can be used in the prevention of the disease

A

True

172
Q

Infection of lamb by secretion in the milk

A

False

173
Q

Lamb dysentery occurs in 1-2 weeks old lambs

A

True

174
Q

Struck is caused by Clostridium perfringens C.

A

True

175
Q

Overeating is a predisposing factor of struck

A

True

176
Q

Struck can be seen mainly in lambs younger than 2 weeks

A

False

177
Q

Struck is an acute disease in horses.

A

False

178
Q

Struck is a zoonotic disease

A

False

179
Q

Struck is a slow disease of older sheep

A

False

180
Q

Struck is a worldwide common disease with great economic impact

A

False

181
Q

Struck is a worldwide common disease with great economic impact

A

False

182
Q

Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets occurs in the first 1-2 weeks of life

A

True

183
Q

Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets occurs in the first 1-2 weeks of life

A

True

184
Q

The lesions of Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets can be seen typically in the large
intestine

A

False

185
Q

Maternal protection is important in the case of Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets

A

True

186
Q

There is no vaccination for the prevention of Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets

A

False

187
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia can be prevented by vaccinating the pregnant sows

A

True

188
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia is caused by Clostridium perfringens C

A

True

189
Q

Pigs showing clinical signs of enterotoxaemia have to be treated with antibiotics
immediately

A

False

190
Q

Lesions of pig enterotoxaemia can be seen in the small intestine

A

True

191
Q

Lesions of pig enterotoxaemia can be seen in the large intestine

A

False

192
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia is more frequent in the litter of young than old sows

A

True

193
Q

Clostridium Enterotoxaemia of Piglets occurs in 2-4 days old piglets

A

True

194
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia can be generally seen in weaned piglets

A

False

195
Q

Necrosis of gut epithelium is a postmortem lesion of pig enterotoxaemia

A

True

196
Q

Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets is caused by C. perfringens

A

True

197
Q

Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets is more frequent in the case of first farrowing Sows

A

True

198
Q

Clostridium perfringens C causes infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets

A

True

199
Q

Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets occurs in piglets after weaning

A

False

200
Q

The lesions of infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets can be seen generally in the small
intestine

A

True

201
Q

Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets can be prevented by vaccinating the pregnant sows

A

True

202
Q

Necrotic enteritis of piglets is seen in piglets around weaning

A

False

203
Q

Necrotic enteritis of piglets can be prevented by vaccination the sow with anatoxin

A

True

204
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia has to be diagnosed by detecting antibodies in the piglets

A

False

205
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia causes abdominal contractions in sows

A

False

206
Q

Mesenteric lymph node is congested in case of pig enterotoxaemia

A

False

207
Q

Clostridium enterotoxaemia can be cultured from mesenteric lymph nodes or gut

A

True

208
Q

Enteritis in piglets are caused by Clostridium perfringens D

A

False

209
Q

Enteritis in piglets can be avoided by anatoxin vaccination

A

True

210
Q

Enteritis in piglets cannot be diagnosed by post-mortem, only by bacteriology.

A

False

211
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia is caused by β-toxin production in 1st week of life

A

True

212
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia can cause a high mortality

A

True

213
Q

Necrotic enteritis of piglets cannot be diagnosed by isolating the agent from the gut

A

False

214
Q

Enterotoxaemia is mainly seen in piglets after weaning

A

False

215
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia is not present in Europe

A

False

216
Q

Pig enterotoxaemia cannot be prevented by using vaccines.

A

False

217
Q

Pulpy kidney disease is caused by Clostridium perf. D

A

True

218
Q

Pulpy kidney disease is caused by Clostridium perf. D

A

True

219
Q

Overeating is a predisposing factor to pulpy kidney disease

A

True

220
Q

The toxin of the agent of pulpy kidney disease is sensitive to trypsin

A

False

221
Q

Pulpy kidney disease is caused by Clostridium perfringens D

A

True

222
Q

Pulpy Kidney Diseases is caused by Clostridium chauvoei

A

False

223
Q

Pulpy kidney disease generally occurs in 1-2week old lambs

A

False

224
Q

Pulpy kidney disease can occur at any age

A

False

225
Q

Pulpy kidney disease of suckling lambs can be prevented by vaccinating pregnant ewes

A

False

226
Q

Sudden change the diet is a predisposing factor to pulpy kidney disease

A

True

227
Q

The toxin damages the endothelial cells in the case of pulpy kidney disease

A

True

228
Q

Neurological signs are typical in the case of pulpy kidney disease

A

True

229
Q

Isolation of the agent is necessary to the diagnosis of pulpy kidney disease

A

False

230
Q

Pulpy kidney disease is typically seen in lambs below 2 weeks of age

A

False

231
Q

Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of pulpy kidney disease

A

True

232
Q

Pulpy kidney disease is seen in piglets in the first week of life

A

False

233
Q

Pulpy kidney disease is a worldwide common disease

A

True

234
Q

Enterotoxaemia of sheep is also called pulpy kidney disease

A

True

235
Q

Pulpy kidney disease is caused by Clostridium perfringens D

A

True

236
Q

Cattle are not susceptible to this disease

A

True

237
Q

Vaccination are possible against pulpy kidney disease

A

True

238
Q

Coccidiosis is a predisposing factor of ulcerative enteritis in poultry

A

True

239
Q

Ulcerative enteritis of chicken is caused by Clostridium colinum

A

True

240
Q

Ulcerative enteritis is frequently seen in day old chicken

A

False

241
Q

Ulcers sometimes covered with pseudomembranes are frequent post mortem lesions of
ulcerative enteritis of chicken

A

True

242
Q

Ulcerative enteritis can occur in 4-12-week-old chickens

A

True

243
Q

Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of ulcerative enteritis in poultry

A

False

244
Q

Ulcerative enteritis of poultry is generally prevented with vaccination

A

False

245
Q

Lesions of ulcerative enteritis are mostly seen in the small intestines

A

False

246
Q

Ulcerative enteritis is a common disease in large scale farms

A

True

247
Q

Prevention of coccidiosis can help lower the incidence of ulcerative enteritis

A

True

248
Q

Coccidiosis is a predisposing factor of necrotic enteritis of chicken

A

True

249
Q

Foamy, brownish-red faeces is a clinical sign of necrotic enteritis of chicken

A

True

250
Q

Lesions of necrotic enteritis of chicken are typically occur in the large intestine

A

False

251
Q

Day-old chickens are widely vaccinated in order to prevent of necrotic enteritis

A

False

252
Q

Necrotic enteritis mostly occurs in chicken

A

True

253
Q

Waterfowl are not susceptible to necrotic enteritis

A

False

254
Q

Necrotic enteritis occurs in 1-3 weeks of age

A

False

255
Q

Tyzzer’s disease is caused by Clostridium piliforme

A

True

256
Q

Gangrenous dermatitis is caused by Clostridium septicum and Clostridium perfringens A

A

True

257
Q

Gangrenous dermatitis is caused by obligate pathogens

A

False

258
Q

Gangrenous dermatitis causes muscle oedema

A

True

259
Q

Vaccines are the primary way of prevention of gangrenous dermatitis

A

False

260
Q

Flaccid paralysis is a frequent clinical sign of tetanus

A

False

261
Q

The agent of tetanus is strictly anaerobic

A

True

262
Q

The agent of tetanus can enter the host through wounds

A

True

263
Q

Tetanus is only seen in horse

A

False

264
Q

Over-eating can predispose animals to Tetanus

A

False

265
Q

The agent of Tetanus needs oxygen to replicate

A

False

266
Q

Anatoxin vaccines are available for the prevention of tetanus

A

True

267
Q

Haemorrhages under the serous membranes and enlargement of parenchymal organs are
typical postmortem lesions of tetanus

A

False

268
Q

Spasms are typical clinical signs of tetanus

A

True

269
Q

Tetanus is a zoonosis

A

False

270
Q

Toxoid vaccines can be used for the prevention of tetanus

A

True

271
Q

Dogs are resistant to tetanus

A

False

272
Q

The clinical signs of tetanus are inducible

A

True

273
Q

Tetanus toxin cleaves synaptobrevin

A

True

274
Q

For tetanus we use vaccines which contain toxoid

A

True

275
Q

Tetanus cannot be prevented with vaccination

A

False

276
Q

Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani

A

True

277
Q

The agent of tetanus causes septicaemia

A

False

278
Q

Tetanus can be diagnosed on the basis of post mortem lesions

A

False

279
Q

Clostridium tetani produced endotoxin

A

False

280
Q

C. tetani needs anaerobic conditions for propagation

A

True

281
Q

Dogs are susceptible to tetanus

A

True

282
Q

Tetanus can be prevented with vaccines containing inactivated bacteria

A

False

283
Q

Tetanus can be prevented with vaccines containing inactivated bacteria

A

False

284
Q

Tetanus can cause spasms

A

True

285
Q

Horses are resistant to tetanus

A

False

286
Q

Tetanus can only develop after deep wounds

A

False

287
Q

Wounds can predispose to tetanus

A

True

288
Q

The paralysis usually starts at the place of the wound

A

False

289
Q

Clostridium tetani toxin is produced in the feed

A

False

290
Q

Horses are most sensitive to tetanus

A

True

291
Q

Tetanus can be prevented by anatoxin vaccination

A

True

292
Q

Tetanus causes rigid paralysis

A

True

293
Q

There is no vaccine for tetanus

A

False

294
Q

Dogs have high resistance to tetanus

A

True

295
Q

Clostridium tetani produces neurotoxins

A

True

296
Q

The toxin of clostridium botulinum causes flaccid paralysis

A

True

297
Q

Clostridium botulinum generally causes wound infection

A

False

298
Q

Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of Botulism

A

False

299
Q

The toxin of Clostridium botulinum has irreversible effect

A

True

300
Q

Botulism can be seen as a result of a wound infection

A

False

301
Q

Flaccid paralysis is the main clinical sign of botulism

A

True

302
Q

Flaccid paralysis is the main clinical sign of botulism

A

True

303
Q

Birds are resistant to botulism

A

False

304
Q

Necrotic foci in the liver are typical post mortem lesions of botulism

A

False

305
Q

Generally wounds predispose animals to botulism

A

False

306
Q

The agent of botulism generally produces toxin at the site of entry

A

False

307
Q

Botulism is diagnosed on the basis of the typical post mortem lesions

A

False

308
Q

Clostridium botulinum can produce toxins outside the hosts

A

True

309
Q

No characteristic post mortem lesions can be seen in the case of botulism

A

True

310
Q

Botulism doesn’t occur in Europe

A

False

311
Q

Clostridium botulinum cannot tolerate air at all

A

True

312
Q

Botulism usually develops following a wound infection

A

False

313
Q

Clostridium botulinum propagates in rotten materials

A

True

314
Q

In Hungary, botulism is seen most commonly in birds

A

True

315
Q

Clostridium botulinum spores are extremely resistant to heat

A

True

316
Q

In Hungary, botulism occurs in winter and early spring

A

False

317
Q

Botulism is eradicated in Europe

A

False

318
Q

Clostridium botulinum can produce toxin, some of which are activated by proteases

A

True

319
Q

Botulism is seen mainly during summer.

A

True

320
Q

Spasms are the typical clinical sign of botulism

A

False

321
Q

Paralysis is the main sign of botulism

A

True

322
Q

Toxins of botulism are produced generally in the food

A

True

323
Q

Botulism happen generally through wound infection

A

False

324
Q

Animals are mostly sensitive to C and D types of Clostridium botulinum

A

True

EPI 2 (48 decks)

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