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#NUR1114 Nursing > Clinical Skills Assessment: Subcut and IM Injections > Flashcards

Clinical Skills Assessment: Subcut and IM Injections Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the Eight Rights of Medication Administration?

A

Patient
Medication
Dose
Time
Route
Documentation
Reason
To refuse

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2
Q

How do you verify the patient?

A
  • Verify the patient’s identity using two identifiers (e.g., name, DOB).
  • Ensure correct patient to avoid medication errors.
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3
Q

How do you verify the medication?

A
  • Confirm the medication is the correct one as per the prescription.
  • Cross-check the medication label with the prescription.
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4
Q

How do you verify the dose?

A
  • Verify the prescribed dose matches the medication label.
  • Use proper calculation methods if necessary.
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5
Q

How do you verify the time?

A
  • Administer medication at the correct time as per the prescription.
  • Consider factors such as frequency, meal times, and interactions.
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6
Q

How do you verify the route?

A
  • Ensure the medication is given via the correct route (e.g., oral, IV, IM).
  • Double-check that the route is safe and appropriate for the medication and patient.
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7
Q

How do you verify the documentation?

A
  • Accurately document the administration details immediately after giving the medication.
  • Include time, dose, route, and any patient observations.
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8
Q

How do you verify the reason?

A
  • Confirm the reason for giving the medication aligns with the patient’s condition.
  • Understand the intended effects of the medication.
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9
Q

What is the right to refuse?

A
  • Patients have the right to refuse medication.
  • Ensure the patient is informed of the consequences of refusal.
  • Document the refusal and notify the healthcare provider.
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10
Q

What type of insulin is actrapid?

A

Short-acting

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10
Q

What are the adverse effects of Actrapid insulin?

A

Adverse effects
hypoglycaemia (below), weight gain, allergic reactions, local reactions including erythema, itching, lipodystrophy, amyloidosis

Hypoglycaemia
The most frequent and serious adverse effect; may occur with excessive dosage, delayed or insufficient food, increased physical activity. Warning symptoms may include sweating, hunger, faintness, palpitations, tremor, lip tingling, headache, visual disturbance, confusion and altered mood.

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10
Q

Describe the activity of actrapid insulin?

A

onset: 30 minutes
peak: 2–3 hours
duration: 6–8 hours

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11
Q

When should actrapid be given in relation to meal times?

A

give within 30 minutes before meal

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12
Q

What are the indications for actrapid insulin?

A

Diabetes mellitus, including type 1, type 2 or gestational diabetes

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13
Q

What is a normal fasted blood glucose range?

A

3.0 and 6.1 mmol/L

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14
Q

What is a normal random blood glucose range?

A

3.0-7.7 mmol/L

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15
Q

What are the common sites for IM injections?

A

Deltoid
Vastus lateralis
Ventrogluteal muscle

16
Q

When would you use the deltoid for an IM injection?

A

Small volumes and vaccines

17
Q

When would you use the vastus lateralis for an IM injection?

A

Often used for infants and children, but also suitable for adults, particularly for larger volumes of medications.

18
Q

When would you use the ventrogluteal muscle for an IM injection?

A

Preferred for larger volumes and viscous medications due to its large muscle mass and the absence of major nerves and blood vessels.

19
Q

What are the most common sites for subcutaneous injections?

A
  • The outer aspect of the upper arm
  • The anterior aspect of the thigh
  • The abdomen, at least five centimeters away from the belly button
  • The upper outer quadrant of the buttock
20
Q

What is the route of administration for Actrapid?

A

Subcutaneous injection

21
Q

What is the site of administration for Actrapid? Why?

A

Lower abdomen
Provides a consistent and predictable absorption rate and is easily accessible

22
Q

What is the indication for Actrapid?

A

Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1) with current high BGL 8.9mmol/L

23
Q

If the stock solution of Enoxaparin is a 10mL vial with 100mg/mL, how many mL does the patient require?

A

0.6mL

24
Q

What is the route of administration for Enoxaparin ?

A

Subcutaneous injection

25
Q

What is the site of administration for Enoxaparin ? Why?

A

Lower abdomen
Provides a consistent and predictable absorption rate and is easily accessible

26
Q

What is the indication for Enoxaparin?

A

VTE prophylaxis
(preventing blood clots)
Shreya is limited in her ability to mobilise which increases her risk for blood clots

27
Q

What are the potential side effects of Enoxaparin?

A

Local reactions (bleeding, bruising and pain)
Hyperkalaemia
mild reversible thrombocytopenia
Allergic reactions

28
Q

If the stock solution of Metoclopromide is a 10mL vial with 5mg/mL, how many mL does the patient require?

A

2mL

29
Q

What is the route of administration for Metoclopromide?

A

Intramuscular injection

30
Q

What is the site of administration for Metoclopromide? Why?

A

Deltoid/Vastus lateralis
Good muscle mass which allows for better absorption

31
Q

What is the indication for Metoclopromide?

A

Nausea
Metoclopromide is an anti-emetic

32
Q

What are the potential side effects of Metoclopromide?

A

Akathisia (restlessness), drowsiness, dizziness, headache

33
Q

If the stock solution of Vitamin B12 is a 10mL vial with 1mg/mL, how many mL does the patient require?

A

1mL

34
Q

What is the route of administration for Vitamin B12?

A

Intramuscular injection

35
Q

What is the site of administration for Vitamin B12? Why?

A

Deltoid/Vastus lateralis
Good muscle mass which allows for better absorption

36
Q

What is the indication for Vitamin B12?

A

Vitamin deficiency

37
Q

What are the potential side effects of Metoclopromide?

A
  • Drowsiness and fatigue: Feeling sleepy or tired.
  • Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or faint.
  • Restlessness: Difficulty staying still.
  • Headache: Common side effect.
  • Tardive dyskinesia: A serious movement disorder that can be irreversible.
38
Q

What size needle would you use for Enoxaparin?

A

1-2.5 cm
27 gauge

39
Q

What size needle would you use for Metoclopromide?

A

2.5-3cm
23 gauge

40
Q

What size needle would you use for Vitamin B12?

A

2.5-3cm
21-23 gauge

#NUR1114 Nursing (16 decks)

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