Clinical Dentistry

Question 1

What are the components of medical history taking?

Answer 1

RFA
C/O
HPC
Pain History
Medical History
Medications
Allergies
Past Dental Histroy
Social History
Family History

Question 2

What does SOCRATES stand for?

Answer 2

Site
Onset
Character
Radiation
Associated Symptoms
Time
Exacerbating Factors
Severity

Question 3

What are the main features of a Medical History?

Answer 3

Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Endocrinology
Gastrointestinal
Neurological
Musculoskeletal
Blood Disorders
Hospital Admissions

Question 4

What are the eight classes of caries?

Answer 4

Decalcification
Pit and fissure
Smooth surface
Interproximal
Early childhood/nursing bottle
Recurrent/Secondary
Arrested
Rampant

Question 5

What is the definition of rampant caries?

Answer 5

> 10 new lesions/year
Affects lower anterior

Question 6

What is the pattern of caries in the primary dentition?

Answer 6

Lower molars —> upper molars —> upper anterior

Question 7

How often should high risk patients get radiographs?

Answer 7

6 months

Question 8

How often should medium risk patients get radiographs?

Answer 8

12 months

Question 9

How often should low risk patients with primary dentition get radiographs?

Answer 9

12-18 months

Question 10

How often should low risk patients in the permanent dentition get radiographs?

Answer 10

24 months

Question 11

What are the five management options for caries in the primary dentition?

Answer 11

Complete caries removal and restoration
Partial caries removal and restoration
No caries removal, seal with restoration
No caries removal, provide prevention alone or after first making the lesion self-cleansing
Extraction or review with extraction if pain or sepsis develops

Question 12

Where does the minimata treaty prevent the use of amalgam?

Answer 12

Primary teeth
Under 15 years old
Pregnant and/or breastfeeding

Question 13

What are the nine indications for traditional preformed crowns?

Answer 13

> 2 surfaces affected
Developmental defect
Fractured d
High caries
Space maintainer
Extensive lesions
Pulpotomy/Pulpectomy
Extensive tooth surface loss
Impaired oral hygiene

Question 14

What are the advantages of partial caries removal?

Answer 14

Effective
Decreased pulp exposure risk
Decreased time for cavity prep

Question 15

What are the disadvantages of partial caries removal?

Answer 15

Needs effective marginal seal
Decreased evidence for effectiveness in primary care

Question 16

What does TIPPS stand for?

Answer 16

Talk
Instruct
Practice
Plan
Support

Question 17

What toothpaste should under 3 year olds use?

Answer 17

1,000 ppm

Question 18

What toothpaste should under 10s use?

Answer 18

1,500 ppm

Question 19

What toothpaste should high risk 10-16 year olds use?

Answer 19

2,800 ppm

Question 20

What toothpaste should high risk over 16s use?

Answer 20

5,000 ppm

Question 21

What is the constituents of fluoride varnish?

Answer 21

22,600 ppm
5% Sodium Fluoride

Question 22

What is the dose of fluoride varnish for 2-6 years?

Answer 22

0,25ml

Question 23

What dose of fluoride varnish for over 6 years?

Answer 23

0.4ml

Question 24

How often should low risk patients get fluoride varnish?

Answer 24

2x year

Question 25

How often should high risk patients get fluoride varnish?

Answer 25

4 times a year

Question 26

What is the minimum age for fluoride mouthwash?

Answer 26

7 years

Question 27

What is the dose of fluoride mouthwash?

Answer 27

225ppm

Question 28

What is the mode of action of fluoride?

Answer 28

Slows down the development of decay: prevents the demineralisation of dentine Makes enamel more resistant to attack from plaque bacteria Speeds up remineralisation

Question 29

What is the treatment of NUG/NUP?

Answer 29

Smoking cessation OHI Mechanical debridement Mouthwash: 6% H2O2, 0.2% CHX 400mg metronidazole (or 500mg amoxicillin): 3x day for 3 days

Question 30

What factors are associated with access/vision difficulties?

Answer 30

Limited opening Trismus Crowded Positioning Light

Question 31

What is the treatment of a dental abscess?

Answer 31

Mechanical debridement short of base of pocket Drain pus (through pocket/incise and drain) Irrigation Analgesisa Chlorhexidine MW 500mg amoxicillin (400mg metronidazole) 3x day for 3 days

Question 32

What is the treatment for pseudomembranous candida?

Answer 32

Use toothbrush/gauze to clean the palate Improve/maintain denture hygiene Remove denture at night If unsuccessful: Miconazole/nystatin

Question 33

When should you get a patients INR?

Answer 33

24 hours before treatment

Question 34

What can be done in the immediate phase of a treatment plan?

Answer 34

Relief of acute symptoms Consider endodontics and extraction Consider immediate denture/bridge

Question 35

What can be done in the initial (disease control) phase of a treatment plan?

Answer 35

Extraction of hopeless teeth OHI and dietary advice HPT Management of carious lesions and defective restorations with direct restorations/ provisional restorations Endodontics Denture design, wax up for fixed prosthesis

Question 36

What are the stages of a treatment plan?

Answer 36

Immediate Initial (disease control) Reevaluation Reconstruction Maintainance

Question 37

What can be done in the reevaluation phase of a treatment plan?

Answer 37

Reassessment of periodontal status Confirm denture/bridge design

Question 38

What can be done in the reconstructive phase of a treatment plan?

Answer 38

Perio surgery Fixed and removable prosthodontics

Question 39

What can be done in the maintainance phase of a treatment plan?

Answer 39

Supportive periodontal care and review of restorations

Question 40

Which type of sugar has the highest caries risk?

Answer 40

Sucrose

Question 41

What are the white band burs?

Answer 41

Superfine

Question 42

What are the yellow band burs?

Answer 42

Extrafine (composite)

Question 43

What are the red band burs?

Answer 43

Fine

Question 44

What are the blue band burs?

Answer 44

Standard/medium

Question 45

What are the green band burs?

Answer 45

Coarse

Question 46

What are the black band burs?

Answer 46

Super coarse

Question 47

What can be used to cease bleeding in a pulpotomy?

Answer 47

Ferric sulphate