Clinical Dentistry Flashcards
What are the components of medical history taking?
RFA
C/O
HPC
Pain History
Medical History
Medications
Allergies
Past Dental Histroy
Social History
Family History
What does SOCRATES stand for?
Site
Onset
Character
Radiation
Associated Symptoms
Time
Exacerbating Factors
Severity
What are the main features of a Medical History?
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Endocrinology
Gastrointestinal
Neurological
Musculoskeletal
Blood Disorders
Hospital Admissions
What are the eight classes of caries?
Decalcification
Pit and fissure
Smooth surface
Interproximal
Early childhood/nursing bottle
Recurrent/Secondary
Arrested
Rampant
What is the definition of rampant caries?
> 10 new lesions/year
Affects lower anterior
What is the pattern of caries in the primary dentition?
Lower molars —> upper molars —> upper anterior
How often should high risk patients get radiographs?
6 months
How often should medium risk patients get radiographs?
12 months
How often should low risk patients with primary dentition get radiographs?
12-18 months
How often should low risk patients in the permanent dentition get radiographs?
24 months
What are the five management options for caries in the primary dentition?
Complete caries removal and restoration
Partial caries removal and restoration
No caries removal, seal with restoration
No caries removal, provide prevention alone or after first making the lesion self-cleansing
Extraction or review with extraction if pain or sepsis develops
Where does the minimata treaty prevent the use of amalgam?
Primary teeth
Under 15 years old
Pregnant and/or breastfeeding
What are the nine indications for traditional preformed crowns?
> 2 surfaces affected
Developmental defect
Fractured d
High caries
Space maintainer
Extensive lesions
Pulpotomy/Pulpectomy
Extensive tooth surface loss
Impaired oral hygiene
What are the advantages of partial caries removal?
Effective
Decreased pulp exposure risk
Decreased time for cavity prep
What are the disadvantages of partial caries removal?
Needs effective marginal seal
Decreased evidence for effectiveness in primary care
What does TIPPS stand for?
Talk
Instruct
Practice
Plan
Support
What toothpaste should under 3 year olds use?
1,000 ppm
What toothpaste should under 10s use?
1,500 ppm
What toothpaste should high risk 10-16 year olds use?
2,800 ppm
What toothpaste should high risk over 16s use?
5,000 ppm
What is the constituents of fluoride varnish?
22,600 ppm
5% Sodium Fluoride
What is the dose of fluoride varnish for 2-6 years?
0,25ml
What dose of fluoride varnish for over 6 years?
0.4ml
How often should low risk patients get fluoride varnish?
2x year
How often should high risk patients get fluoride varnish?
4 times a year
What is the minimum age for fluoride mouthwash?
7 years
What is the dose of fluoride mouthwash?
225ppm
What is the mode of action of fluoride?
Slows down the development of decay: prevents the demineralisation of dentine
Makes enamel more resistant to attack from plaque bacteria
Speeds up remineralisation
What is the treatment of NUG/NUP?
Smoking cessation
OHI
Mechanical debridement
Mouthwash: 6% H2O2, 0.2% CHX
400mg metronidazole (or 500mg amoxicillin): 3x day for 3 days
What factors are associated with access/vision difficulties?
Limited opening
Trismus
Crowded
Positioning
Light
What is the treatment of a dental abscess?
Mechanical debridement short of base of pocket
Drain pus (through pocket/incise and drain)
Irrigation
Analgesisa
Chlorhexidine MW
500mg amoxicillin (400mg metronidazole) 3x day for 3 days
What is the treatment for pseudomembranous candida?
Use toothbrush/gauze to clean the palate
Improve/maintain denture hygiene
Remove denture at night
If unsuccessful: Miconazole/nystatin
When should you get a patients INR?
24 hours before treatment
What can be done in the immediate phase of a treatment plan?
Relief of acute symptoms
Consider endodontics and extraction
Consider immediate denture/bridge
What can be done in the initial (disease control) phase of a treatment plan?
Extraction of hopeless teeth
OHI and dietary advice
HPT
Management of carious lesions and defective restorations with direct restorations/ provisional restorations
Endodontics
Denture design, wax up for fixed prosthesis
What are the stages of a treatment plan?
Immediate
Initial (disease control)
Reevaluation
Reconstruction
Maintainance
What can be done in the reevaluation phase of a treatment plan?
Reassessment of periodontal status
Confirm denture/bridge design
What can be done in the reconstructive phase of a treatment plan?
Perio surgery
Fixed and removable prosthodontics
What can be done in the maintainance phase of a treatment plan?
Supportive periodontal care and review of restorations
Which type of sugar has the highest caries risk?
Sucrose
What are the white band burs?
Superfine
What are the yellow band burs?
Extrafine (composite)
What are the red band burs?
Fine
What are the blue band burs?
Standard/medium
What are the green band burs?
Coarse
What are the black band burs?
Super coarse
What can be used to cease bleeding in a pulpotomy?
Ferric sulphate
