Clinical aspects of lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Situations when you should measure lipids?

A
  • MI, CVA, other vascular disease
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Family history
  • Clinical signs
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2
Q

Main treatment options for lipids?

A

Statins

Others= PCSK9 inhibitors, ezetimibe, fibrates

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3
Q

Describe a lipid?

A
  • All lipids are fats
  • Low solubility in water
  • Biochemically very diverse
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4
Q

Key lipids?

A

Cholesterol

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5
Q

How are you likely to come across lipids?

A

Fatty deposits in tendons - xanthomata
Xanthelasma- fatty deposits around eyes
Corneal arcus
Milky blood/serum

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6
Q

What we measure in practice?

A
Total cholesterol 
HDL cholesterol 
Triglycerides as requested 
Calculate total HDL cholesterol ratio 
LDL cholesterol calculated as requested
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7
Q

What should balance of HDL and LDL be?

A

More LDL than HDL

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8
Q

Lipid hypothesis essentially?

A

That having too much lipid in your blood is a risk factor for CVD?

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9
Q

Why are statins important?

A

They lower cholesterol but they also inhibit the atherosclerotic mechanism and can sometimes reduce the atherosclerosis in arteries

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10
Q

Statins that you will come across?

A
Prevastatin 
Simvastatin 
Atorvastatin 
Rosuvastatin 
Fluvastatin
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11
Q

Examples of PCSK9 inhibitors?

A

Alirocumab

Evolocumab

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12
Q

Classes of lipid medications

A

Statins
PCSK9 Inhibitors
Fibrates
*something else)

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13
Q

Simvastatin summary

A

Lots of evidence that it reduces mortality

Efficacy isn’t the best

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14
Q

Pravastatin summary

A

Isn’t really prescribed

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15
Q

Atorvastatin summary?

A

One of the most commonly prescribed

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16
Q

Fluvastatin summary?

A

Weakest statin and therefore the safest