Classification of Living Things (Ch 24) Flashcards
Taxonomy
arrange organisms into different groups based on their similarities + evolutionary history (name, describes and classify organisms)
Biological diversity (biodiversity)
variety of organisms
Systematics
Studies diversity of organisms + evolutionary relationships to one another
who classified plants according to size, dividing them into trees, shrubs + herbs
Aristotle
who classified animals as useful, harmful, and superfluous (to humans)
St. Augustine
who sorted organisms according to their shared physical characteristics
Carolus Linnaeus
how does Binomial nomenclature work
1st name (capitalized) = Genus of organism
2nd name = species of organisms
3 Domains of Life
- bacteria
- archaea
- eukarya
what is kingdom monera
prokaryotic organisms (not membrane bound nucleus / organelles)
2 kingdoms in prokaryotic category
archaea and bacteria
Archaea (what and where)
Simple, small, cells has DNA + ribosome
Found in extreme environments (very hot / salty)
Bacteria
Simple, small, cells has DNA + ribosome
found in every type of environment
what does eukaryote consist
Fungi, plants, animals, protists
3 kingdom of Eukaryote + group
Kingdoms Plantae
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Animalia
Protists (group)
Class
subdivision of a phylum
order
subdivision of a class
term for subdivision or an order
family
order of Taxonomy Ranks
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Domain
Eukarya
Kingdom
Animalia (nucleus and heterotroph)
Phylum
Chordata (organisms that have a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord,
pouches, post-anal tail).
Class
Mammalia (organisms that have hair and mammary glands).
Order
Primates (mammals that have relatively large brains and opposable thumbs).
Family
Hominidae (Primates that lack a tail and have upright posture).
Genus
Homo (Hominids with large brains).
Species
Sapiens
