CLASSIFICATION IN PSYCHIATRY AND COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS Flashcards
Chapter V of ICD-10 was produced by a _____________ with a constitutional public health mission ( _______ )
global health agency
WHO
DSM –IV was designed by _______________ for the classification of mental disorders ( _____________ )
Psychiatrist in America
American Psychiatric Association
Currently ICD _____ and DSM-___
11
5
( ICD or DSM ?) supersede (ICD or DSM ?)
ICD
DSM
The DSM-5 boasts over _____ mental health disorders
It has undergone major revisions throughout the last six decades.
300
The most recent version of the DSM (version _____) was published in 2013, and stands on the shoulders of more than 60 years of research
5
one of the most important differences between ICD-10 and DSM-5 is??
DSM-5 is strictly intended formental disorders.
ICD-10 includes those same conditions, it contains conditions and diseases related to the entire human physiology, and doesnotcover mental disorders in the same depth as the DSM-5 does.
DSM-5 is strictly intended for __________.
mental disorders
(DSM-5 or ICD-10?) is strictly intended formental disorders
DSM-5
________ includes those same conditions, it contains conditions and diseases related to the entire human physiology,
ICD-10
ICD-10 covers mental disorders in the same depth as the DSM-5 does.
T/F
F
ICD 10 doesnotcover mental disorders in the same depth as the DSM-5 does.
Key Differences Between ICD-10 And DSM-5 Systems
ICD-10 DSM-5
Asperger’s disorder
Substance usage,abuse and dependence classification
Categorizes Asperger’s disorder under F84.5
Diagnosis for Asperger’s disorder is included in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (F84).
Broadly classifies substance usage, abuse, and dependence; Provides no explicit distinction between substance abuse and dependenceied under DSM-5
What is mental health
Mental Health
Mental health is more than just the absence of mental disorders or disabilities
It is the State of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities
ANXIETY DISORDERS
Anxiety disorders are abnormal states in which the most striking features are _______________________ symptoms of _______ in the absence of _______________ or another ____________
mental and physical ; anxiety
organic brain disease
psychiatric disorder
SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY DISORDER
Autonomic arousal
Gastrointestinal ( ________,_______ , ___________, excessive ______, frequent or loose motions)
Respiratory (chest _________, difficulty __________ )
Cardiovascular ( _________ , chest discomfort, awareness of _______________ )
Genitourinary (_____________ micturition, failure of ________, _________ discomfort, amenorrhea)
dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, epigastric discomfort
wind; constriction; inhaling
palpitations; missed heartbeats
frequent or urgent ; erection; menstrual
SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY DISORDER
Psychological ( ________ anticipation, irritability, sensitivity to ______, restlessness, poor __________ , worrying __________ )
Sleep disturbance (_________,___________ )
Muscle tension (tremor, headache, aching muscles)
fearful; noise; concentration; thoughts
insomnia, night terror
Generalized anxiety disorder anxiety is continuous although may fluctuate in intensity
T/F
T
Similarity and Differences between panic and phobic disorders?
Phobic disorders anxiety is intermitent, arising in particular circumstances
Panic disorder anxiety is intermittent, but not related to any particular circumstances
TREATMENT for anxiety disorders
____________ approach
_________ and psychoeducation
_________ training
_______________________ therapy
__________therapy
SSRI
______________ for short term treatment
Buspirone
Pregabalin
Stepped care
Self help
Relaxation; Cognitive behavioural
Pharmaco ; Benzodiazepine
Psychotic Disorders
psychotic condition that involves the (gradual or sudden?) onset of psychotic symptoms and last _____ or more but less than _________
Sudden
1 day; 1 month
Psychotic Disorders
It occurs more often among (younger or older?) patients _____ and _____
Higher incidence in (men or women?)
People living in developing countries
_____ socioeconomic status
Major cultural changes
Disaster
younger; 20s and 30s
Women
Low
Psychotic disorders
The cause is ____________
Patients who have a personality disorder may have a_______________________ for the development of psychotic symptoms
Family history of _____________ or _________
It could also be a defense against a prohibited fantasy, the fulfillment of an unattained wish or an escape from a stressful psychosocial situation
not known; biological or psychological vulnerability
schizophrenia or mood disorder
Clinical Features of psychotic disorders
_________
___________
_______________ speech
Impaired memory of recent event
______ mood
________
Impaired __________
Delusion
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech
Impaired memory of recent event
Labile mood
Confusion
Impaired attention
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is one of the most severe mental disorders, the _________ leading cause of disability-adjusted life years in the age group ____-_____ years.
eighth; 15-44
Schizophrenia
It is characterized by _______ and relative ________ superimposed on (acute or chronic?) __________ and ________ state.
relapses; remission
Chronic ; deterioration; disabling
Schizophrenia is described as a _______geneous psychotic disorder characterized by a disintegration of __________ and ___________ with manifestations of auditory ____________ , delusions, _________ speech with significant social and/ or occupational dysfunction”.
hetero
thought process and emotional responsiveness
hallucinations; disorganized
Schizophrenia has a lifetime risk of around _____%, and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.
1
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
Age of Onset: 15 – 45 years
Male: __________ years
Female: ________ years
Median age of Onset: Males: 28 years
Females: 32 years
Gender: __________ among men and women
Social Class: Increased prevalence in _______ social class.
Season of birth: Increased incidence in ________
Birth order: Increased incidence of low birth order if from a large family
15 – 25
25 – 35
Equally common; lower
Winter
POOR PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
_______ onset
______ age at onset
______ pre-morbid adjustment
_____ duration of untreated psychosis
Unmarried
Prominent negative symptoms
______ sex
_______________ signs
Past psychiatric history
Medical co-morbidities
Insidious; Young
Poor; Long; Male
Neurological soft
POOR PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Poor psychosexual adjustment
____________ affective symptoms
Additional ________________
History of violence
Poor work record
Enlarged __________
Poor compliance
No or few
mental retardation
ventricles
Mood – _______________________________________ that is experienced _______ and that influences a person’s behaviour and perception of the world.
Affect- __________________ of mood.
pervasive and sustained feeling tone
internally
External expression
Mood Disorders/Affective Disorders- refer to a range of common clinical conditions in which the most prominent features are __________ or ___________ of mood.
elevation or depression
Mood disorders : Episodes and Patterns
List 5
Depressive episode
Manic episode
Mixed episode
Hypomanic episode
Cycling patterns
Major depressive episode
______ or more of the following, most of the day and/or nearly every day, including at least symptom ________ :
- ___________ mood (_______________)
- _________________________
- Change in weight or appetite
- Sleep changes
- Noticeable change in movement
- Fatigue
- Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
- Impaired cognition or volition
- Repeated thoughts of death or suicide, planned or attempted suicide
Five; 1 or 2
Depressed ; Sad, empty, weepy; irritable, anger
Loss of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyable activities
Major depressive episode
The _____ symptoms must occur in the same ___________
Five
two weeks
Depressive disorders
Can either be : _____,_______, or _______
Minor
Major
Dysthymic
Dysthymic Disorder
_________ of __________ _________ mood
________________ depression symptoms (appetite, sleep, energy, concentration, low self-esteem, hopeless feelings)
Two years
chronically depressed
Two additional
MANIC Episode
___________ of persistently _____,_______, or __________ mood, and ____ of:
Grandiose self-esteem
Lower sleep need
Overly talkative
Racing thoughts
Easily distracted
Increased activity or agitation
High risk activities
One-two week
high, expansive, or irritable
3
Mixed episode
_________ of _____________ symptoms with rapidly alternating moods
Common symptoms:
Agitation
Insomnia
Irregular appetite (binge eating-fast)
Delusions
Thoughts of suicide
One week
both manic and major depressive
Hypomanic episode
___________ of ______ episode symptoms
Mood disturbance _____________________ ability to work or maintain social responsibilities
Response pattern is uncharacteristic
Not euthymia
Four-seven days; manic
does not critically impair
Bipolar affective disorder
Common illness affecting ____% of the world population ( ____% if one includes __________ disorders)
_____th leading cause of medical disability in the developed nations
Prominent cognitive abnormalities
2; 5; spectrum
6
