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ap psychology > classical & operant conditioning > Flashcards

classical & operant conditioning Flashcards

unit 6study the two types of conditioning and the differences

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1
Q

classical conditioning

A

involuntary/ automatic behaviors (reflex) (Pavlov, Watson, & Garcia)

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2
Q

operant conditioning

A

voluntary behavior (Skinner & Thorndike)

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3
Q

discrimination

A

responding to only one stimulus

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4
Q

generalization

A

responding to similar stimuli

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5
Q

extinction

A

when a response no longer occurs

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6
Q

spontaneous recovery

A

response suddenly returns after extended extinction

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7
Q

John B Watson

A

baby Albert experiment, studied conditioning

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8
Q

Mary Cover Jones

A

pioneer of behavior therapy, studied desensitization

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9
Q

counter conditioning

A

creates a negative response to avoid an undesirable stimulus, (ex. hot sauce & thumb sucking)

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10
Q

first-order conditioning

A

bell + food -> salivate
bell -> salivate

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11
Q

second-order conditioning

A

light + bell -> salivate
light -> salivate

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12
Q

learned food aversion (Garcia effect)

A

no longer eating/liking a food after a bad experience while eating it

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13
Q

shaping

A

rewards subject each time it gets closer to desired response

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14
Q

chaining

A

links behavior to create a complex activity

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15
Q

positive reinforcement

A

gives reward to increase likelihood of behavior in the future

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16
Q

negative reinforcement

A

removes/withdraws something unpleasant to increase likelihood of behavior in future

17
Q

positive punishment

A

bad stimulus introduced to decrease likelihood of behavior in future

18
Q

negative punishment

A

gives penalty to decrease likelihood of behavior in future

19
Q

instinctive drift

A

tendency to forgo rewards to pursue instincts

20
Q

fixed ratio

A

set # of responses

21
Q

fixed interval

A

set amount of time

22
Q

variable ratio

A

different ranges in # of responses

23
Q

variable interval

A

different ranges of time

ap psychology (20 decks)

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