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0001 STEP ONE RAPID REVIEW DX > Classic/Relevant treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant treatments Flashcards

1
Q

abscence seizure

A

ethosuximide

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2
Q

acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

acute promyleocytic leukemia (M3) - subtype of aml t(15:17)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, cbt, atomoxetine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, amcamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

alcohol withdrawal

A

long acting benzos - chlordiazepoxide, diazepam

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7
Q

anorexia

A

nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine (antagonizes inhibitory autoreceptors of serotonin and a-2)

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8
Q

anticoagulation during preggos

A

heparin

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9
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmetics - lidocaine, mexiletine

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

vitamine b12 supplementation - work up with schilling test

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11
Q

BPH

A

alpha-1 antagonists (doxozosin)
5 alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride)
PED-5 inhibitors (sildinefil)

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12
Q

Bipolar

A

lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine

atypical antipsychotics

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13
Q

breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole)

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14
Q

buerger disease - disease of arteries and veins in arms and legs - blood vessels become inflamed, swell, and can become blocked with blood clots - can destroy skin and lead to infection or gangrene

A

smoking cessation

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15
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

SSRI

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16
Q

Candida albicans

A

topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconozole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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17
Q

carcinoid

A

octreotide

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18
Q

bleeding esophageal varices

A

octreotide

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19
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

doxycyline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis for infants)

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20
Q

chronic gout

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allupurinol, febuxostat)

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21
Q

chronic hep b or c

A

IFN- alpha (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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22
Q

CML

A

Imatinib

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23
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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24
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole, if refractory, oral vancomycin

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25
Q

clostridum tetani

A

aNTITOXIN

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26
Q

cmv

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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27
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

corticosteroids, infliximab (monoclonal anti-TNF-alpha…note that the xi tells you it is chimeric), azathioprine (immnunosuppressant - blocks purine synthesis particularly in t and b cells)

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28
Q

cryptococcus neoformans

A

fluconazole (in AIDS)

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29
Q

Cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis (i.e. toxic metabolites from chemo)

A

Mesna

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30
Q

depression

A

SSRI

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31
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide (NaCl DCT), indomethacin (NSAID), amiloride (ENaC CD) (nephrogenic)

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32
Q

DM I

A

Diet (low carb) + insulin

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33
Q

DM II

A

Diet, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin if refractory

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34
Q

DKA

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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35
Q

Enterococci

A

vanco, aminopenicillin/cephalosporins

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36
Q

ED

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

acts by inhibiting cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (phosphodiesterase 5, PDE5), an enzyme that promotes degradation of cGMP, which regulates blood flow in the penis.

37
Q

ER+ bc

A

Tamoxifen - serm

38
Q

Ethylene glycol // methanol intoxication

A

fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

39
Q

Haemophilus influenze (b)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis) - inhibits DNA dependent RNA synthesis (bacterial)

40
Q

GAD

A

SSRI, SNRI, (buspirone second line)

41
Q

Heparin reversal

A

protamine sulfate

42
Q

HER2/neu (+) bc

A

Trastuzumab

43
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

sprionolactone

44
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

statin

45
Q

hypertrglyceridemia

A

fibrate

46
Q

immedate anticoagulation

A

heparin

47
Q

inferitlity

A

leuprolide(GnRH agonist), GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene (causes release of gonadotrophin by hypothalamus)

48
Q

influenza

A

oseltamivir, zanamivir

49
Q

kawasaki

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

50
Q

Legionella pneuophila

A

macrolides (e.g. azithromycin)

51
Q

long term anticoagulation

A

warfarin, dabigatran, rvaroxaban, apixaban

52
Q

malaria

A

chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozioite)

53
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene

54
Q

medical abortion

A

mifeprisone

55
Q

migraine

A

abortive (sumatiptan, NSAID), Prophylaxis (propanolol, topiramate (anticonvulsant), CCBs, amitryptaline)

56
Q

MS

A

Disease modifiers (Beta-interferon, natlizumab=>a4-integrin) for acute flares (use IV steroids)

57
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

rifampin
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol

58
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia trachomatis)

59
Q

Nueural tube defect prevention

A

prenatal folic acid

60
Q

osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

61
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Calcium/VitD supplemnation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonate, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (binds to and inhibits RANKL) (treatment)

62
Q

Patent DA

A

Close with indomethacin; open or maintian with PGE analogs

63
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

alpha anatagonists (phenoxybenzamine)

64
Q

pneumocystis jirovecii

A

tmp-smx (prophylaxis in AIDS)

65
Q

Prolactinoma

A

cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

66
Q

prostate adenocarcinoma / uterine fibroids

A

leuprolide, GnRH (continuous) - will result in decrease in LH/FSH

67
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma

A

flutamide - selective AR antagonist

68
Q

pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

antipseudomonal penicllins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

69
Q

pulmonary arterial hypertension (idio)

A

sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

70
Q

rickettsia rickettsii

A

doxycycline, chloramphenicol

71
Q

schizophrenia - negative

A

atypical antipsychotics

72
Q

schizophrenia - positive

A

typical and atypical antipsychotics

73
Q

SIADH

A

Fluid restriction, iv hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocyline

74
Q

sickle cell

A

hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)

75
Q

sporothrix schenckii

A

itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

76
Q

stable angina

A

sublingual nitroglycerin

77
Q

s aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

78
Q

strep bovis (gallolyticus)

A

penicillin prophylaxis, evaution ofr colon cancer in linked to endocarditis

79
Q

s penumoniae

A

penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, penumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

80
Q

temporal arteritis

A

high does steroids

81
Q

tonic clonic seizure

A

levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

82
Q

toxoplasma gondii

A

sulfadizaine + pyrimethamine

83
Q

treponema pallidum

A

penicillin

84
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole (patient and partner)

85
Q

trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

carbamazepine

86
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preaprations (e.g. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

87
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

88
Q

Warfarin reversal

A

FFP (acute), VIT-K (chronic)

0001 STEP ONE RAPID REVIEW DX (25 decks)

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