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0001 STEP ONE RAPID REVIEW DX > Antimicrobials > Flashcards

Antimicrobials Flashcards

1
Q

Amphotericin B mech

A

Binds ergosterol (unique to fungi) forms membrane pores that allow leakage

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2
Q

Amphotericin B clinical

A

Serious systemic mycoses

  • Cryptococcus
  • Blastomyces
  • Coccioides
  • Histoplasma
  • Candida
  • Mucor
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3
Q

Amphotericin B toxicity

A

Fevers/chills
Nephrotoxic
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia

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4
Q

Nystatin

A

topical - binds ergosterol

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5
Q

Clinical use nystatin

A

swish and swallow
oral candidiasis
diaper vagina candidiasis

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6
Q

Flucytosine - mech

A

Inhibits DNA RNA biosynthesis by conversion to 5-fluorouracil by cytosine deaminase

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7
Q

Clinical fluctyosine

A

systemic fungal infections (esp. crypto) in combo with amp B

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8
Q

Flucytosine - toxicity

A

bone marrow suppression

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9
Q 
Azoles - mechanism
clotrimazole
fluconazole 
itraconazole 
etc.
A

inhibit fungal sterol (ergosterol) synthesis by inhibiting cytP450 enzyme

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10
Q

azoles - uses

A

local and less serious systemic mycoses

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11
Q

topical fungal azoles

A

clortrimazole

miconazole

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12
Q

azoles - toxicity

A 
testosterone synthesis inhibitor 
liver dysfunction (inhibits p450)
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13
Q

Terbinafine - mech

A

inhibits squalene epoxidase

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14
Q

Terbinafine use

A

dermatophytoses

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15
Q

Terbinifine - tox

A

GI
Headache
Hepatotoxicity

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16
Q

Echinocandins - mech
Capsofungin
Micafungin
Anidulafungin

A

inhibit cells WALL synthesis by inhibiting synthesis of beta-glucan

17
Q

echinocandins use

A

invasive aspergillosis

candida

18
Q

echinocandin - tox

A

gi

flushing - histamine release

19
Q

griseofulvin - mech

A

microtubule - deposits in keratin containing tissue

20
Q

griseofulvin - use

A

oral treatment of superficial infecitons - tinea/ringworm

21
Q

griseofulvin - tox

A

teratogenic
carcinogenic
increasese cytp450 warfarin metabolism

22
Q

therapy for toxoplasmosis

A

pyrimethamine

23
Q

therapy for Trypanosoma brucei

A

suramin and melarsoprol

24
Q

therapy for Trypanosoma cruzi

A

nifurtimox

25
Q

therapy for Leishmaniasis

A

sodium stiboglucinate

0001 STEP ONE RAPID REVIEW DX (25 decks)

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