Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy & Physiology > Class 9 - THE MUSCLES OF THE NECK AND THE BACK COPY > Flashcards

Class 9 - THE MUSCLES OF THE NECK AND THE BACK COPY Flashcards

1
Q

Landmark of the neck (cervical) region

A

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anterior region of the neck is divided into two triangles by the SCM

A

Anterior triangle

Posterior triangle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Muscles of the anterior of the neck assist in…

A

Deglutition and speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Two groups of muscles in relation to the hyoid bone

A

Suprahyoid muscles

Infrahyoid muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Suprahyoid muscles form…

A

The floor of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Suprahyoid muscles action

A

Elevate the hyoid bone, the floor of the mouth and the tongue when swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Four suprahyoid muscles

A
  1. Digastric
  2. Stylohyoid
  3. Mylohyoid
  4. Geniohyoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Suprahyoid muscles actively…the mandible when…

A

Depress the mandible when we need to open the mouth wider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Digastric origin

A

Anterior belly from inner side of inferior border of mandible

Posterior belly from temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Digastric insertion

A

Body of hyoid via an intermediate tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Digastric action

A

Elevates hyoid bone

RMA: Depresses mandible (opening mouth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Digastric innervation

A

Anterior belly: mandibular division of trigeminal (V) nerve

Posterior belly: facial (VII) nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stylohyoid origin

A

Styloid process of temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stylohyoid insertion

A

Body of hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stylohyoid action

A

Elevates hyoid bone and draws it posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stylohyoid innervation

A

Facial (VII) nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mylohyoid origin

A

Inner surface of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mylohyoid insertion

A

Body of hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mylohyoid action

A

Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth and depresses mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mylohyoid innervation

A

Mandibular division of trigeminal (V) nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Geniohyoid origin

A

Inner surface of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Geniohyoid insertion

A

Body of hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Geniohyoid action

A

Elevates hyoid bone, draws hyoid bone and tongue anteriorly. Depresses mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Geniohyoid innervation

A

First cervical spinal nerve (C1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Infrahyoid muscles look like
Ribbons or straps inferior to the hyoid bone
26
Infrahyoid muscles action
Depress the hyoid bone and move the larynx when swallowing and talking
27
Four infrahyoid muscles
1. Omohyoid 2. Sternohyoid 3. Sternothyroid 4. Thyrohyoid
28
Omohyoid origin
Superior border of scapula and superior transverse ligament
29
Omohyoid insertion
Body of hyoid
30
Omohyoid action
Depresses hyoid bone
31
Omohyoid innervation
Branches of spinal nerves C1-C3
32
Sternohyoid origin
Medial end of clavicle and manubrium of sternum
33
Sternohyoid insertion
Body of hyoid bone
34
Sternohyoid action
Depresses hyoid bone
35
Sternohyoid innervation
Branches of spinal nerves C1-C3
36
Sternothyroid origin
Manubrium of sternum
37
Sternothyroid insertion
Thyroid cartilage of larynx
38
Sternohyoid action
Depresses thyroid cartilage of larynx
39
Sternothyroid innervation
Branches of spinal nerves C1-C3
40
Thyrohyoid origin
Thyroid cartilage of larynx
41
Thyrohyoid insertion
Greater horn of hyoid bone
42
Thyrohyoid action
Depresses hyoid bone RMA: elevates thyroid cartilage
43
Thyrohyoid innervation
Branches of spinal nerves C1-C2 and descending hypoglossal (XII) nerve
44
The head is attached to the vertebral column at the…
Atlanta-occipital joint
45
Suboccipital muscles
Deep muscles in the back of the head attached between the occipital bone and C1-C2
46
Bilateral contraction of the neck muscles allows for…
Balance
47
Unilateral contraction of the neck muscles allow for…
Rotation Flexion Extension Lateral flexion
48
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) origin
Sternal head: manubrium of sternum Clavicular head: medial third of clavicle
49
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral hand of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
50
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) bilateral action
Flex cervical portion of vertebral column, extend head at AOJ
51
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) unilateral action
Lateral flexion of neck and head to same side Rotate head opposite to contracting muscle Lateral flexion to opposite side of contracting muscle
52
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) posterior fibre action
Assist in extension of head
53
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) RMA
Elevates sternum during forced inhalation
54
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) innervation
Accessor (XI) nerve, C2 and C3
55
Semispinalis capitis origin
Articular process of C4-C6 and transverse processes of C7-T7
56
Semispinalis capitis insertion
Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines
57
Semispinalis capitis action
Together: extend head and vertebral column Singly: rotate head to opposite side of contracting muscle
58
Semispinalis capitis innervation
Cervical spinal nerves
59
Splenius capitis origin
Ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T4
60
Splenius capitis insertion
Occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone
61
Splenius capitis action
Extend head Acting together: muscle of each region (cervical and thoracic) extend vertebral column of their respective regions
62
Splenius capitis innervation
Cervical spinal nerves
63
Longissimus capitis origin
Articular processes of T1-T4
64
Longissimus capitis insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone
65
Longissimus capitis action
Acting together: extend head and vertebral column Acting singly: laterally flex and rotate head to same side as contracting muscle
66
Longissimus capitis innervation
Cervical spinal nerves
67
Spinalis capitis origin
Arises with semispinalis capitis (often absent or very small)
68
Spinalis capitis insertion
Occipital bone
69
Spinalis capitis action
Extends head and vertebral column
70
Spinalis capitis innervation
Cervical spinal nerves
71
Superior attachments of the posterior neck and back
Splenius capitis | Splenius cervicis
72
Splenius cervicis origin
Spinous processes of T3-T6
73
Splenius cervicis insertion
Transverse processes of C1-C2 or C1-C4
74
Splenius cervicis action
Acting together: extend head Acting singly: laterally flex and/or rotate head to same side as contracting muscle
75
Splenius cervicis innervation
Inferior cervical spinal nerves
76
Erector spinae muscle group is most…
Medial and superficially located group of muscles in the back
77
Erector spinae muscle group consist of…
Iliocostalis muscles (lateral) Longissimus muscles (intermediate) Spinalis muscles (medial)
78
Erector spinae muscle group actions
Principal extensor of the spine, maintain erect posture. Acting unilaterally they laterally flex the spine
79
Iliocostalis group consist of…
Iliocostalis cervicis Iliocostalis thoracis Iliocostalis lumborum
80
Iliocostalis cervicis origin
Ribs 1-6
81
Iliocostalis cervicis insertion
Transverse processes of C4-C6
82
Iliocostalis action
Acting together: extend and maintain erect posture of vertebral column and their respective region Acting singly: laterally flex vertebral column of their respective regions to same side as contracting muscle
83
Iliocostalis cervicis innervation
Cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
84
Iliocostalis thoracis origin
Ribs 7-12
85
Iliocostalis thoracis insertion
Ribs 1-6
86
Iliocostalis thoracis action
Acting together: extend and maintain erect posture of vertebral column and their respective region Acting singly: laterally flex vertebral column of their respective regions to same side as contracting muscle
87
Iliocostalis thoracis innervation
Thoracic spinal nerves
88
Iliocostalis lumborum origin
Iliac crest
89
iliocostalis lumborum insertion
Ribs 7-12
90
Iliocostalis lumborum action
Acting together: extend and maintain erect posture of vertebral column and their respective region Acting singly: laterally flex vertebral column of their respective regions to same side as contracting muscle
91
Iliocostalis lumborum innervation
Lumbar spinal nerves
92
Longissimus group (intermediate) consists of…
Longissimus capitis Longissimus cervicis Longissimus thoracis
93
Longissimus capitis origin
Articular processes of C4-C7 and transverse processes of T1-T4
94
Longissimus capitis insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone
95
Longissimus capitis action
Acting together: both longissimus capitis muscles extend head and vertebral column Acting singly: rotate head to same side as contracting muscle
96
Longissimus capitis innervation
Middle and inferior cervical spinal nerves
97
Longissimus cervicis origin
Transverse processes of T4-T5
98
Longissimus cervicis insertion
Transverse processes of C2-C6
99
Longissimus cervicis action
Acting together: longissimus cervicis and longissimus thoracis muscles extend the head and vertebral column Acting singly: laterally flex vertebral column of their respective regions
100
Longissimus thoracis origin
Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
101
Longissimus thoracis insertion
Transverse processes of all thoracic and superior lumbar vertebrae and ribs of 9 and 10
102
Longissimus thoracis action
Acting together: longissimus cervicis and longissimus thoracis muscles extend the head and vertebral column Acting singly: laterally flex vertebral column of their respective regions
103
Longissimus thoracis innervation
Thoracic and lumbar soprano nerves
104
Spinalis group (medial) consists of…
Spinalis capitis Spinalis cervicis Spinalis thoracis
105
Spinalis group muscles run…
Closest to the spinous processes
106
Spinalis cervices origin
Ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7
107
Spinalis cervicis insertion
Spinous process of axis
108
Spinalis cervicis action
Acting together: extend vertebral column of respective region and extend head
109
Spinalis cervicis innervation
Inferior cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
110
Spinalis thoracis origin
Spinous processes of T10-L2
111
Spinalis thoracis insertion
Spinous processes of superior thoracic vertebrae
112
Spinous thoracis action
Acting together: extend vertebral column of respective region and extend head
113
Spinalis thoracis innervation
Thoracic spinal nerves
114
Transversus spinalis group run from…
Transverse processes to spinal processes above
115
Transversus spinalis group muscle fibres are..
Oblique in direction
116
Transversus spinalis group are…than the…
Deeper than the erector spinae group
117
Transversus spinalis group are…and…of the spine
Extensors and rotators
118
Transversus spinalis group contains…
1. Semispinalis capitis 2. Semispinalis cervicis 3. Semispinalis thoracis 4. Multifidus 5. Rotatores
119
Rotatores muscles are arranged…
Along the whole extension of the vertebral column
120
Rotatores muscles extend from the…to the…
The transverse process of one vertebra to the laminate of superior vertebrae two to three segments above
121
Semispinalis thoracis origin
Transverse processes of T6-T10
122
Semispinalis thoracis insertion
Spinous processes of C6-T4
123
Semispinalis actions
Acting together: extend vertebral column Acting singly: rotate head to side opposite of contracting muscle
124
Semispinalis thoracis innervation
Thoracic spinal nerves
125
Multifidus origin
Sacrum Ilium Transverse processes of L1-L5, T1-T12, and C4-C7
126
Multifidus insertion
Spinous process of a more superior vertebra
127
Multifidus action
Acting together: extend vertebral column Acting singly: weakly flex and rotate vertebral column to side opposite to contracting muscle
128
Multifidus innervation
Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves
129
Rotatores origin
Transverse processes of all vertebrae
130
Rotatores insertion
Spinous process of vertebra superior to the one or origin
131
Rotatores actions
Acting together: weakly extend vertebral column Acting singly: weakly rotate vertebral column to side opposite to contracting muscle
132
Rotatores innervation
Cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves
133
Segmental muscles (deepest)
Main postural muscles Stabilizing the vertebral column by “locking” the vertebrae to each other
134
Segmental muscles unite the…and…of…
Spinous and transverse processes of consecutive adjacent vertebrae
135
Segmental muscles include
Intertransversarii | Interspinalea
136
Scalene muscles origin
Extended from the transverse processes of C2-C7
137
Scalene muscles insertion
The anterior and middle insert in the first rib The posterior in the second rib
138
Scalene muscle actions
Acting bilaterally: flex the head and elevate ribs during forced inspiration Acting unilaterally: laterally flex and rotate the head
139
Scalene muscles include:
1. Anterior scalene 2. Middle scalene 3. Posterior scalene

Anatomy & Physiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions