Class 16 - MUSCLES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of the pelvic girdle (that move the femur)

A
  1. Gluteal muscles (posterior)
  2. Tensor Fascia Latae (posterior)
  3. Iliopsoas (anterior)
  4. Six deep lateral rotators and abductors (lateral)
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2
Q

Gluteal muscles and their actions

A

Gluteus Maximus, medius and minimus. Extension and lateral flexion (Maximus) abduction and medial rotation (medius and minimus)

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3
Q

Tensor Fascae Latae actions

A

Flexion and abduction of thigh

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4
Q

Iliopsoas actions

A

Flexion and lateral rotation

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5
Q

Majority of muscles that move the femur originate and insert where?

A

Originate in pelvic girdle and insert into femur

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6
Q

Muscles of the Thigh (that move femur, fibula and tibia)

A
  1. Quadriceps (anterior)
  2. Sartorius (anterior)
  3. Hamstrings (posterior)
  4. Medial (adductor) compartment
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7
Q

Quadriceps insertion and action

A

Common tendon inserts into patella (tendon becomes patellar tendon) only muscle that extends the leg (rectus femoris also flexes thigh)

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8
Q

Sartorius (longest muscle in body) action

A

Cross legged sitting (flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of thigh, flexion of leg)

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9
Q

Hamstrings action

A

Extension of thigh and flexion of leg

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10
Q

Medial (adductor) compartment of thigh (muscle names)

A
  1. Pectineus
  2. Adductor longus, brevis and Magnus
  3. Gracilis
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11
Q

Medial (adductor) compartment of thigh, origin, insertion and action

A
  1. Origin: pubis
  2. Insertion: linea aspera
  3. Action: adduction and flexion of thigh (gracilis: medial rotation of thigh)
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12
Q

Pes Anserinus (looks like goose foot) made of:

A

Conojoined tendons of sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus (bursa under pes Anserinus may become injured with overuse)

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13
Q

Muscles of the Leg (that move foot and toes)

A
  1. Anterior compartment
  2. Lateral (fibular) compartment
  3. Deep muscles
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14
Q

Anterior compartment of leg muscles include (and action)

A
  1. Tibialis anterior
  2. Extensor hallucis longus
  3. Extensor digitorum longus
  4. Fibularis tertius
  5. Action: dorsiflexion of foot and extension of toes
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15
Q

Lateral (fibular) compartment of leg includes: (and action)

A
  1. Fibularis longus
  2. Fibularis brevis
  3. Action: plantar flexion and eversion of foot
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16
Q

Superior and inferior extensor retinaculum

A

Hold distal tendons of anterior and lateral compartment muscles at ankle

17
Q

Posterior compartment of leg muscle include: (and action)

A
  1. Gastrocnemius
  2. Soleus
  3. Plantaris
  4. Action: flexion of leg
18
Q

Deep muscles of leg include: (and actions)

A
  1. Popliteus (flexion and medial rotation of leg)
  2. Tibialis posterior (plantar flexion and inversion of foot)
  3. Flexor hallucis longus (plantar flexion and flexion of hallux)
  4. Flexor digitorum longus (planter flexion and flexion of toes)
    (PLANTAR FLEXION)
19
Q

Intrinsic muscles of foot include:

A
  1. Dorsal group (extensor hallucis and digitorum brevis)

2. Plantar group (4 layers, planter aponeurosis supports longitudinal arch and encloses flexor tendons)