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Anatomy & Physiology > Class 7 - THE MUSCLES OF THE HEAD > Flashcards

Class 7 - THE MUSCLES OF THE HEAD Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of the head (4)

A

Muscles of the facial expression

Muscles that move the eyeball

Muscles the aid mastication and speech

Muscles that move the tongue

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2
Q

Muscles of the facial expression (4)

A

Scalp muscles

Mouth muscles

Neck muscles

Orbit and eyebrow muscles

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3
Q

Muscles of the facial expression lie within…

A

The subcutaneous layer

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4
Q

Muscles of facial expression insert into…

A

The dermis of the skin

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5
Q

Muscles of the facial expression generally surround…

A

The natural orifices of the head (sphincters and dilators, i.e. eyes, mouth, nose, ears)

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6
Q

All muscles of the facial expression are innervated by which nerve?

A

Facial nerve (cranial VII)

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7
Q

Frontalis origin

A

Epicranial aponeurosis

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8
Q

Frontalis insertion

A

Skin superior to supraorbital margin

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9
Q

Frontalis action

A

Draws scalp anteriorly, raises eyebrows

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10
Q

Occipitalis origin

A

Occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone

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11
Q

Occipitalis insertion

A

Epicranial aponeurosis

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12
Q

Occipitalis action

A

Draws scalp posteriorly

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13
Q

Orbicularis or is origin

A

Muscle fibres surrounding opening of mouth

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14
Q

Orbicularis oris insertion

A

Skin at the corner of mouth

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15
Q

Orbicularis oris action

A

Closes and protrudes lips (kissing, compresses lips against teeth, shapes lips during speech)

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16
Q

Zygomaticus major origin

A

Zygomatic bone

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17
Q

Zygomatic major insertion

A

Skin at angle of mouth and orbicularis oris

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18
Q

Zygomatic major action

A

Draws angle of mouth superiorly and laterally (smiling)

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19
Q

Zygomatic minor origin

A

Zygomatic bone

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20
Q

Zygomatic minor insertion

A

Upper lip

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21
Q

Zygomatic minor action

A

Raises upper lip, exposing upper teeth

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22
Q

Levator labii superioris origin

A

Superior to infraorbital foramen of maxilla

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23
Q

Levator labii superioris insertion

A

Skin at angle of mouth and orbicularis oris

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24
Q

Levator labii superioris action

A

Raises upper lip

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25
Q

Depressor labii inferioris origin

A

Mandible

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26
Q

Depressor labii inferioris insertion

A

Skin of lower lip

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27
Q

Depressor labii inferioris action

A

Depresses lower lip

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28
Q

Depressor anguli oris origin

A

Mandible

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29
Q

Depressor anguli oris insertion

A

Angle of mouth

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30
Q

Depressor anguli oris action

A

Draws angle of mouth laterally and inferiorly (opening mouth)

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31
Q

Levator anguli oris origin

A

Inferior to infraoribital foramen

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32
Q

Levator anguli oris insertion

A

Skin of lower lip and orbicularis oris

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33
Q

Levator anguli oris action

A

Draws angle of mouth laterally and superiorly

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34
Q

Buccinator origin

A

Alveolar process of maxilla and mandible and pterygomandibular raphe

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35
Q

Buccinator action

A

Presses cheeks against teeth and lips (whistling, blowing, sucking)

Draws corners of mouth laterally

Keeps food between teeth and not teeth and cheeks

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36
Q

Risorius origin

A

Fascia over parotid (salivary) gland

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37
Q

Risorius insertion

A

Skin at angle of mouth

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38
Q

Risorius action

A

Draws angle of mouth laterally (grimacing)

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39
Q

Mentalis origin

40
Q

Mentalis insertion

A

Skin of chin

41
Q

Mentalis action

A

Elevates and protrudes lower lip and pulls skin of chin up (pouting)

42
Q

Platysma origin

A

Fascia over deltoid and pectoral is major muscles

43
Q

Platysma insertion

A

Mandible (blends with muscles around angle of mouth)

And skin of lower lip

44
Q

Platysma action

A

Draws outer part of lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting; depresses mandible

45
Q

Orbicularis oculi origin

A

Medial wall of orbit

46
Q

Orbicularis oculi insertion

A

Circular path around orbit

47
Q

Orbicularis oculi action

A

Closes eye

48
Q

Corrugator supercilii origin

A

Medial end of superciliary arch of frontal bone

49
Q

Corrugator supercilii insertion

A

Skin of eyebrow

50
Q

Corrugator supercilii action

A

Draws eyebrow inferiorly and wrinkles skin of forehead vertically (frowning)

51
Q

The extrinsic eye muscles are some of the…

A

Fastest and most precisely controlled muscles in the body

52
Q

The seven extrinsic eye muscles

A

One levator palpebrae superioris (LPS)

Four straight (recto) muscles: superior/inferior & medial/lateral

Two oblique muscles: superior/inferior

53
Q

Common tendinous ring

A

Where most muscles originate in the back of the orbit and insert in the eyeball

54
Q

Muscle that does not insert in the eyeball

A

Levator palpebrae superioris (LPS)

55
Q

Muscle that does not originate from the common tendinous ring

A

Inferior oblique muscle

56
Q

Recti muscles move the eyeballs…

A

In their directions (superiorly, inferiorly, laterally, and medially)

57
Q

Superior oblique muscle moves eyeball

A

Inferiorly and laterally and rotates medially

58
Q

Inferior oblique muscle moves eyeball

A

Superiorly and laterally and rotates laterally

59
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris origin

A

Roof of orbit (lesser wing of sphenoid bone)

60
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris insertion

A

Skin and tarsal plate of upper eyelids

61
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris action

A

Elevates upper eyelids (opens eyes)

62
Q

Muscles that move the mandible (4)

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

63
Q

Muscles of mandible are innervated by which nerve?

A

Trigeminal nerve (cranial V)

64
Q

Masseter origin

A

Maxilla and zygomatic arch

65
Q

Masseter insertion

A

Angle and ramus of mandible

66
Q

Masseter action

A

Elevates mandible (closes mouth)

67
Q

Temporalis origin

A

Temporal bone

68
Q

Temporalis insertion

A

Coronoid process and ramus of mandible

69
Q

Temporalis action

A

Elevates and retracts mandible

70
Q

Medial pterygoid origin

A

Medial surface of lateral portion of pterygoid process of sphenoid bone; maxilla

71
Q

Medial pterygoid insertion

A

Angle and ramus of mandible

72
Q

Medial pterygoid action

A

Elevates and protracts mandible

Moves mandible from side to side

73
Q

Lateral pterygoid origin

A

Greater wing and lateral surface of lateral portion of pterygoid process of sphenoid bone

74
Q

Lateral pterygoid insertion

A

Condyle of mandible, temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

75
Q

Lateral pterygoid action

A

Protracts mandible

Depresses mandible

Moves mandible from side to side

76
Q

Two types of tongue muscles

A

Extrinsic

Intrinsic

77
Q

Four extrinsic muscles of tongue

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
Palatoglossus

78
Q

Genioglossus origin

79
Q

Genioglossus insertion

A

Undersurface of tongue and hyoid bone

80
Q

Genioglossus action

A

Depresses tongue and thrusts it anteriorly (protraction)

81
Q

Styloglossus origin

A

Styloid process of temporal bone

82
Q

Styloglossus insertion

A

Side and undersurface of tongue

83
Q

Styloglossus action

A

Elevates tongue and draws it posteriorly (retraction)

84
Q

Hyoglossus origin

A

Greater horn and body of hyoid bone

85
Q

Hyoglossus insertion

A

Side of tongue

86
Q

Hyoglossus action

A

Depresses tongue and draws down its sides

87
Q

Palatoglossus origin

A

Anterior surface of soft palate

88
Q

Palatoglossus insertion

A

Side of tongue

89
Q

Palatoglossus action

A

Elevates posterior portion of tongue and draws soft palate down on tongue

90
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the tongue originate and insert…

A

Within the tongue

91
Q

Tongue is divided into two halves by…

A

A median septum that attaches to the hyoid bone

92
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the tongue action

A

Alter the shape but do not move the entire tongue

93
Q

Extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue are innervated by…
(Except one)

A

Hypoglossal nerve (XII cranial)

94
Q

Palatoglossus innervated by…

A

Vagus nerve (X cranial)

95
Q

All extrinsic muscle of the eye are innervated by…

Except two

A

Oculomotor nerve (III cranial)

96
Q

Superior oblique muscle of the eye is innervated by…

A

Trochlear nerve (IV cranial)

97
Q

Lateral recurs muscle of the eye is innervated by…

A

Abducens nerve (VI cranial)

Anatomy & Physiology (9 decks)

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