Class 19 - CHEMICAL LEVEL INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Question 1

Simple compounds have…and can’t…

Answer 1

Have only a few atoms and can’t perform complex biological functions

Question 2

Simple compounds lack…except…

Answer 2

Carbon, except carbon dioxide (CO2) and bicarbonate (HCO3)

Question 3

Inorganic compounds in the body include:

Answer 3

1. Water (55-60% of body mass)
2. Acids
3. Bases
4. Salts

Question 4

Most important and abundant inorganic compound in all living systems on earth:

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

Water as a lubricant in the form of:

Answer 5

1. Mucus
2. Serous fluids
3. Synovial fluid
4. Body secretions

Question 6

Hydrophilic compounds

Answer 6

Contain polar covalent bonds and dissolve easily in water

Question 7

Hydrophobic compounds

Answer 7

Non-polar covalent bonds and are not very water soluble

Question 8

Hydrolysis

Answer 8

Water added to large nutrient molecules o break them down into smaller molecules

Question 9

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 9

Two smaller molecules joint to form a larger one, water is removed

Question 10

Water absorbs heat energy to…

Answer 10

Break its abundant hydrogen bonds first, leaving less energy to increase the water’s tempurature

Question 11

Mixtures

Answer 11

Combination of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but not bound by chemical bonds

Question 12

Solution

Answer 12

A solvent dissolves another substance called a solute (usually more solvent than solute) Solutes remain evenly dispersed among the solvent molecules in a solution

Question 13

Colloids

Answer 13

Greater molecular size than solute, do not settle out

Question 14

Suspension

Answer 14

Material mixed with suspending medium for some time but will eventually settle out (I.e. blood)

Question 15

Percentage (measuring concentration of a solution)

Answer 15

Measures the mass of a solute per 100ml of a solution

Question 16

Molarity

Answer 16

Measures moles of solute per litre of solution

Question 17

Molarity relates…

Answer 17

The total number of molecules or particles in a given volume of solution

Question 18

Avogadro’s Number

Answer 18

One mole of any substance contains the same number of particles

Question 19

Dissociation

Answer 19

Inorganic salts, acids or bases dissolve in water separate into ions and become surrounded by water

Question 20

Hydrated ions from dissociation are called…

Answer 20

Electrolytes

Question 21

Acid

Answer 21

Substance that dissociates into one or more hydrogen ions or one or more anions

Question 22

Base

Answer 22

Substance that dissociates into one or more hydroxide ions or one or more cations

Question 23

Salt

Answer 23

Substance that dissociates into cations and anions, neither or which is H+ to OH-

Question 24

Acids and bases react with one another to form…

Answer 24

Salts

Question 25

To ensure homeostasis, intracellular and extra cellular fluids must contain…

Answer 25

ALMOST balanced quantities of acids and bases

Question 26

Organic compounds always…

Answer 26

Contain carbon and have covalent bonds

Question 27

Organic compounds usually…

Answer 27

Contain hydrogen

Question 28

Three reasons why carbon

Answer 28

1. Can form bonds with one to thousands of other carbon atoms
2. Most carbon containing molecules are useful material for building body structures (because of size and they do not dissolve easily in water)
3. Good source of energy