Class 9 Communicable Disease

Question 1

What are some of the factors put people at greater risk for infection?

Answer 1

Crowded environment

When on certaintype of medication

Homelessness, addiction, stress

AGE

Question 2

lasting > 12 weeks, may be incurable

Answer 2

Chronic

Question 3

Define
Primary, secondary
Health care acquired
Community acquired
Antibiotic resistant

Question 4

Three elements needed to acquire an infectious disease

Answer 4

1. Infective agent
2. Susceptible host
3. Supportive environment

Question 5

way to classify communicable disease by examining the relationship between host, the agent, and the environment

Answer 5

Epidemiological Triangle

Question 6

Part of assessment?

Answer 6

History of present illness
Symptoms
Examination – physical, observations, self-report
Diagnostic tests
Lab: CBC
C&S
Radiological for TB

Question 7

What are lvls of prevention

Answer 7

Primordial
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

Question 8

Lvl of prevention

Action: health promotion

ex. Safe water supply

Answer 8

Promordial

Question 9

Examples of primary lvl of prevention>

Answer 9

IMMUNIZATION
HANDWASHING, STANDARD PRECAUTIONS, PPE
NOTIFYING CONTACTS
PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS
INFECTION CONTROL
PUBLIC EDUCATION

Question 10

(lvl of orevention) where we detect disease so we can diagnose and treat

Answer 10

Secondary

Question 11

Give examples of secondary level of prevention

Answer 11

SCREENING AND TESTING
CASE FINDING
ISOLATION (infected) and QUARANTINE (well but [possibly] exposed) – length varies by incubation period
PROPHYLAXIS – passive (immunoglobulin) and active (vaccines)

Question 12

Lvl of prevention where we reduce severity of illness and complications

ex. Directly observed theorapy e.g. TB

Answer 12

Tertiary

Question 13

Action taken to prevent disease, especially by specified means or against a specified disease

Answer 13

Prophylaxis

Question 14

Given when:
You have been exposed to an antigen

Answer 14

Pre-exposure prophylaxis

Question 15

Prophylaxis When you have been exposed (or potentially exposed) to an antigen

Answer 15

Post-exposure

Question 16

Prevention of Syphilis

Answer 16

Rigorous contact tracing of infectious cases
Screening of high-risk groups
Routine blood test with STI screen and during pregnancy and on immigration
Local outreach to MSM via bathhouse clinics, park outreach, internet outreach, GLBT health coalition (Get It On website)

Question 17

Hepatitis that is transmitted fecal/oral

Answer 17

Hep A (HAV)

Question 18

Hepatitis transmitted through blood/body fluids

Answer 18

Hep B (HBV)

Question 19

Hepatitis transmitted through blood

Answer 19

Hep C (HCV)

Question 20

*do not have to memorize

Incubation: 45-180 days

Symptoms: Abdominal pain, loss of appetite, jaundice, nausea, vomiting
50-70% asymptomatic in adults

Transmission: blood, sexual fluids, saliva, breast milk

Testing/diagnosis: blood test

Tx: high protein diet, maintain fluid intake, rest

Prevention: immunization, safe sex,universal precautions, household precautions

Answer 20

Hep B (HBV)

Question 21

Chlamydia and GC

Health prmotion?
Primary?
Secondary?
Tertiary?

Answer 21

Health promotion: healthy sexuality, healthy childhood development, school health curriculum. Social marketing

Primary prevention: educating on condom use, vaccination against HEP B and A, school health curriculum, social marketing

Secondary: screening risk groups, contact tracing and notification of exposure; tresting edposed inds, routin testing; pap test

Tertiary: recovering