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4540 Community and Population Health > Class 7 Advocacy Policy & Collaborative Partnerships For Population Health > Flashcards

Class 7 Advocacy Policy & Collaborative Partnerships For Population Health Flashcards

1
Q

• Presents a systematic way of understanding events or situations
• A set of concepts, definitions, and propositions that explain or predict
these events or situations by illustrating the relationships between variables

A

Theory

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2
Q

More highly developed and rigorously tested

A

Conceptual models / frameworks

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3
Q

provides roots that anchor both practice and research in the
nursing discipline
assists practitioners, decision makers, educators, and
researchers to explain what they experience, inform their
actions and decisions, and articulate possible outcomes

A

Theory

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4
Q

demonstrate both
traditional Indigenous knowledge and Western scientific
understanding

A

Two-Eyed Seeing and Two-Row Wampum

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5
Q

What are theories that explain health behaviour and behaviour change by focusing on the individual

A
  1. Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)
  2. Transtheoretical (Stages of Change) Model
  3. Health Belief Model (HBM)
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6
Q

Assumption:
Intention to act is
most immediate
determinant of
behaviour

A

Theory of Planned
Behaviour

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7
Q

focus on individual beliefs about health conditions, which predict individual health- related behaviors. The model defines the key factors that influence health behaviors as an individual’s perceived threat to sickness or disease (perceived susceptibility), belief of consequence (perceived severity), potential positive benefits of action (perceived benefits), perceived barriers to action, exposure to factors that prompt action (cues to action), and confidence in ability to succeed (self-efficacy).

A

elements of the Health Belief Model

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8
Q

A theory that
Assumptions:
• Behaviour change
is a process, not an event
• Individuals have
varying levels of readiness to change

A

TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL (Stages of Change)

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9
Q

What are the Stages of Change Model

A
  1. Precontemplation
  2. Contemplation
  3. Determination
  4. Action
  5. Relapse
    T. Maintenance
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10
Q

What does a Health Belief Model look like?

A

social psychological health behavior change model developed to explain and predict health-related behaviors, particularly in regard to the uptake of health services.

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11
Q

A model which process involves…

Determining
Demographic variab;es, psychological characteristics —> perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, health motivation, perceived benefits, perceived barriers —> action

A

HEALTH BELIEF MODEL

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12
Q

Theories that explain change in communities and organizations; community action for health

A
  1. Diffusion of innovation
  2. Community mobilization / community organization
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13
Q

It is a theory that:
• How new ideas
(practices, programs)
are adopted by
communities
• Focuses on different
categories of
adopters based on
time it takes to adopt
innovation

A

DIFFUSION OF INNOVATION

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14
Q

A theory that involves
(1) Social Planning: stresses problem solving, often relies on expert practitioners, TASK ORIENTED
(2) Community Development: Aim is to develop group identify,
cohesion • Focus on building capacity • Community members identify issues • PROCESS ORIENTED
(3) Social Action: Goal is to increase community’s
capacity to solve problems, and to
make concrete changes that redress
social injustices • TASK AND PROCESS ORIENTED

A

COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION / COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION

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15
Q

What are the three stages of community organization / mobilization ??

A
  1. Social planning
  2. Community development
  3. Social action
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16
Q

• Stresses problem solving • Often relies on expert practitioners • TASK ORIENTED

A

SOCIAL PLANNING

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17
Q

• Aim is to develop group identify,
cohesion • Focus on building capacity • Community members identify issues • PROCESS ORIENTED

A

8 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

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18
Q

• Goal is to increase community’s
capacity to solve problems, and to
make concrete changes that redress
social injustices • TASK AND PROCESS ORIENTED

A

SOCIAL ACTION

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19
Q

• Requires a capacity-building approach rather than deficiency-
orientation approach • Role of the CHN is an external champion ; must take the lead of the
community • Requires maximum participation (engagement) of community
members in decisions related to program planning, implementation
or needed policy change • Without some level of empowerment, health promotion strategies
will not be effective long-term.

A

Community Organization in Practice

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20
Q

policies OUTSIDE
the health sector that promote health of
individuals/communities by:
• making it easier for people to adopt
healthy practices; • making it harder for people to adopt
unhealthy practices; • creating healthy physical and social
environments

A

Healthy Public Policy

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21
Q

Theories that help to explain the need for healthy public policy

A
  1. Health Impact Assessment (HIA)
  2. Milio’s Framework
  3. Weiss’s Models of Policy Development
22
Q

Theories that have a system level focus and explore the relationships between individuals and communities, and between sociocultural and environmental factors that affect health (often referred to as ‘ecological’ models)

A

Population Health Promotion
Model
Complexity science theory
Social Ecological theory
Critical social theory
Intersectionality

23
Q

What are health promotion Strategies Focused on Changing Behaviour

A
  1. Behavioural/Lifestyle Approach
  2. HEALTH EDUCATION
  3. HEALTH COMMUNICATION
  4. SOCIAL MARKETING
  5. REGULATORY MEASURES
24
Q

What are the four “P’s” or marketing

A

• “product,” “price,” “place,” and “promotion.”

25
Q

Examples of behavioural / lifestyle approach?

A

Health Education (Individual, Group)
Health Communication
Social Marketing
Regulatory Measures

26
Q

What are health promotion (HP) Strategies Focused on Changing the Community, Environment, or Policy

A

Socio-Environmental Approach INFLUENCED BY COMMUNITY,
—> Ottawa Charter strategies
—>Empowering strategies

27
Q

…the process of enabling people to increase control over , and to improve, their health…

A

HEALTH PROMOTION

28
Q

…an active, involved process where people, groups, and communities move toward increased individual and community control, political efficacy, improved quality of community life, and social justice”

A

EMPOWERMENT

29
Q

Community health nurses partner with the client to promote capacity. The focus is to recognize barriers to health and to mobilize and build on existing strengths.

A

Capacity Building:

30
Q

What are empowerment strategies?

A
  1. Personal empowerment
  2. Small group development
  3. Community organization
  4. Coalition advocacy
  5. Political action
31
Q

It means taking a position on an issue and initiating actions in a deliberate attempt to influence public or private policy

A

Afvocacy

32
Q

examines the client within the community, as well as nurse-client
interactions, and the role of CHNs as community advocates

A

Theory-Informed Practice in Community Health Nursing

33
Q

model is
used to guide care and decolonize and redesign health programs for First Nations
in BC

A

First Nations Perspective on Health and Wellness model

34
Q

What is downstream approach

A
35
Q

What is midstream approach to advocacy

A
36
Q

What is upstream approach

A
37
Q

What are efficient approaches to buildomg collaborative community relationships

A
38
Q

as a public health intervention has been used to:
effect change for the people living in poverty;
changes for child labour;
fight for women’s right to vote; and
distribute birth control information to women

A

Activism

39
Q

is a social justice issue and a mandatory component of public health and community nursing practice.

A

Advocacy

40
Q

Assumption: Intention to act is most immediate determinant of behaviour

A simple and practical way to understand why people do what they do. It suggests that our actions are influenced by three main things: attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control

A

THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR

41
Q

What are the (stages of change) in Transtheoretical model?

A

Precontemplation
Contemplation
Determination
Action
Relapse
Maintenance

42
Q

Behaviour change is a process, not an event
Individuals have varying levels of readiness to change

A simple way to understand how people change their behavior. It suggests that when someone wants to make a change, they go through different stages.

A

Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change)

43
Q

Focus on individual beliefs about health conditions, which predict individual health- related behaviors. The model defines the key factors that influence health behaviors as an individual’s perceived threat to sickness or disease (perceived susceptibility), belief of consequence (perceived severity), potential positive benefits of action (perceived benefits), perceived barriers to action, exposure to factors that prompt action (cues to action), and confidence in ability to succeed (self-efficacy).

A simple way to understand why people take care of their health. It suggests that there are a few things that influence whether someone will do something to stay healthy: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action

A

Health Belief Model

44
Q

A way to understand how new ideas, products, or technologies spread and become popular among people. It suggests that different types of individuals adopt new things at different times: innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, laggards

A

Diffusion of Innovation

45
Q

adventurous people who like to try new things early
on. They are risk-takers and enjoy being the first to embrace innovations

A

Innovators

46
Q

These individuals are open to new ideas and are influential in
their communities. They watch the innovators and quickly adopt new things after seeing their success.

A

Early adopters

47
Q

This group is more cautious but still willing to try something new
once they see others benefiting from it.

A

Early majority

48
Q

These individuals are skeptics and take more time to adopt
innovations. They may wait until something becomes very popular and widely accepted.

A

Late majority

49
Q

Requires a capacity-building approach rather than deficiency-orientation approach

Role of the CHN is an external champion (advocate, support, promote, connect); must take the lead of the community

Requires maximum participation (engagement) of community members in decisions related to program planning, implementation or needed policy change

Without some level of empowerment, health promotion strategies will not be effective long-term.

A

Community Organization

50
Q

policies OUTSIDE the health sector that promote health of individuals/communities by:

  • making it easier for people to adopt healthy practices;
  • making it harder for people to adopt unhealthy practices;
  • creating healthy physical and social environments
A

Healthy Public Policy

51
Q

What are health promotion strategies focused on changing behaviour?

A

Health education

Health communication

Social marketing

Regulatory measures

4540 Community and Population Health (12 decks)

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