Class 5 Flashcards
order of breast exam
Upper inner
Lower inner
Lower outer
Upper outer
which quadrant of the breast is the sentinel node?
upper outer
four symptoms of breast cancer
peto d’orange
discharge from nipple
palpable mass
discomfort (regular cysts are not painful)
three reasons for nipple discharge aside from breast cancer
pregnancy
psych meds
pituitary tumor releasing prolactin
What does the acronym GAP help us remember?
Growth hormone
Anterior pituitary
Prolactin
these are the two hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary
what are the examination steps
lay flat
arms at side
arms above head
if you find a mass in a woman aged 15-25 what is it likely?
a fibroid adenoma aka benign tumor
if you find a mass in a woman over 50, assume it’s
cancer
if a man is between 30-40 and moves like a rabbit or is aggressive, what does he likely have high levels of?
prostate specific antigen (PSA)
what is the most common breast malignancy
DCIS
Ductal carcinoma in situ
what are three different lab examination techniques for finding breast cancer?
mammography
ultrasound
thermomography
which lab exam is high radiation, sensitivity, and specificity?
Mammography
which lab exam is low sensitivity?
ultrasound
which lab exam uses heat sensors to pick up hot areas?
thermomography
what are the main risks for breast cancer?
Age BRCA 1+2 genes family first degree of separation high estrogen at post menopausal (radiation to chest thyroid) early menarche (before 12 years old) late menopause (after 55) more than 14 alcoholic drinks per week pregnancy after age 40 high diethylstibestrol (DES) or other use of synthetic estrogen never breastfed (?) taller than 5'3" and obese high socioeconomic status
