Class 4

Question 1

What kind of valve issues do Marfan’s syndrome patients face

Answer 1

mitral and aortic valve issues

Question 2

what is the main cause of angina in the heart?

Answer 2

ischemia (partial blockage of the coronary artery) by 70%

Question 3

what does PQRST stand for?

Answer 3

Pain
Quality
Radiation
Severity
Temporal

Question 4

What should a patient do if they have angina on exertion?

Answer 4

stop exercising and get checked for ischemia

Question 5

what do we know if a patient has angina at rest?

Answer 5

they are going to have a heart attack in 3 hours so if you don’t get them to the ER they will die

Question 6

what is it called when there is 100% occlusion of the coronary artery?

Answer 6

myocardial infarction aka heart attack?

Question 7

what are the main two causes of pericarditis?

Answer 7

covid vaccine or infection

Question 8

if you have an infection that could cause pericarditis, is exercise good? why or why not?

Answer 8

the circulation will cause it to inflame the heart more. avoid exercise!

Question 9

three causes of aortic dissection

Answer 9

marfan’s syndrome
injury/trauma
tertiary stage of syphillis

Question 10

where will aortic dissection radiate to?

Answer 10

the back

Question 11

how long before a person with aortic dissection dies?

Answer 11

`1 hour

Question 12

what is it called when the pleura fill up with fluid?

Answer 12

pleural effusion

Question 13

what is it called (two names) when the pleura of the lungs start to hurt

Answer 13

pleurisy aka pleuritis

Question 14

what are the six causes of pleurisy/pleuritis?

Answer 14

infection
environment
asbestos
cadmium
glycopvhosphates
malignancy

Question 15

if a person gets off an airplane and experiences chest pain/dyspnea, what should we expect they have?

Answer 15

pulmonary embolus

Question 16

what are the four main things that put you at risk of pulmonary embolus?

Answer 16

long history of traveling
birth control + smoking
obesity
peripheral vascular disease

Question 17

what is it called when there is inflammation of the anterior chest between the ribs?

Answer 17

costochondritis

aka tzitze’s syndrome

Question 18

when drawing blood, what is the mnemonic we use to remember the order of the veins, arteries, and nerves?

Answer 18

VAN

Vein is most medial, nerve is most lateral

Question 19

what is the order of doing a heart ascultation exam?

Answer 19

1. 2nd right
2. 2nd left
3. 4th mid clavicular
4. 3 between 2 and 4
5. 6th mid axillary
6. 5th between 4 and 6

Question 20

what are the five steps of lung inspection

Answer 20

1. inspect
2. ascultate normal breathing
3. egophany e-a
4. 99 tactile fremitus
5. ascultate deep breathing

Question 21

what causes intrinsic asthma vs what causes extrinsic asthma?

Answer 21

intrinsic: exercise
extrinsic: allergies

Question 22

in mitral stenosis, where does the blood pool and go back into?

Answer 22

pools in left atrium and goes back into the lung

Question 23

people with liver problems get what side heart failure?

Answer 23

right sided

Question 24

what are 5 major causes of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 24

alcoholism
coxackie b
post partum
toxins
amyloid protein buildup

Question 25

why does having dilated cardiomyopathy affect the ejection fraction?

Answer 25

heart can’t contract