Circulatory System pt2

Question 1

vasoconstriction

Answer 1

high blood pressure

narrowing of vessel diameter

Question 2

vasodilation

Answer 2

widening of vessel diameter = more blood delivered to tissues

Question 3

Lymph

Answer 3

fluid in the lymphatic system that’s composed the same at interstitial fluid

Question 4

Lymph nodes

Answer 4

small organs along lymph vessels that produce lymphocytes (fights infections)

Question 5

Blood

Answer 5

type of connective tissue that consists of cells suspended in plasma
cellular elements + plasma = blood

Question 6

Plasma

Answer 6

90 percent water

clear liquid portion of blood that remains after cellular components are removed

Question 7

lymphatic system functions

Answer 7

• return lymph to the heart
• filter foreign particles and cellular debris
• production of lymphocytes and lymph nodes

Question 8

erythrocytes / red blood cells

Answer 8

carry oxygen to tissues, filled w hemoglobin
biconcave disk lacking a nucleus/mitochondria
the liver makes bile out of old RBCs and new ones are formed in the bone marrow

Question 9

leukocytes / white blood cells

Answer 9

defend the body against foreign invaders
spend most of their time in interstitial fluid or lymphatic system
new WBC’s are formed in the spleen/ bone marrow

Question 10

thrombocytes/ platelets

Answer 10

cytoplasmic fragments that break off from large cells found in bone marrow
play a role in clotting blood and plugging breaks in blood vessels

Question 11

Pluripotent stem cells

Answer 11

has the potential to differentiate into any type of blood cell or into cells that produce platelets

Question 12

red bone marrow

Answer 12

found in the ribs, vertebrae, sternum, and pelvis

Question 13

what is RBC production controlled by

Answer 13

a negative feedback mechanism that’s sensitive to the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues

Question 14

erythropoietin

Answer 14

stimulates RBC production when O2 is low

Question 15

leukemia

Answer 15

a person who has cancerous stem cells that produce an unusual amount of leukocytes
treatment is to remove pluripotent stem cells and restock it w non-cancerous ones.

Question 16

hemophilia

Answer 16

excessive bleeding from minor cuts and bruises (ability to form a blot clot is reduced)

Question 17

Embolism

Answer 17

a blood clot that’s carried by the circulatory system to a vital organ

Question 18

thrombus

Answer 18

a blood clot that seals a blood vessel which prevents blood from flowing through