Circulatory System - Blood Vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the three different types of blood vessel?

A

Arteries, capillaries and veins.

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2
Q

What do the arteries do?

A

They carry blood away from the heart.

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3
Q

What do the capillaries do?

A

They are involved in the exchange of materials at the tissues.

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4
Q

What do the veins do?

A

Carry the blood to the heart.

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5
Q

What is the blood like inside arteries?

A

The blood has a high pressure.

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6
Q

What are arteries walls like?

A

Strong, thick and elastic.

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7
Q

What is the lumen?

A

The hole down the middle.

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8
Q

What are arteries walls made up of?

A

Thick layers of muscle to make them strong and elastic fibres to allow them to stretch and spring back.

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9
Q

Are capillaries big or small?

A

Small.

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10
Q

What do arteries branch into?

A

Capillaries.

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11
Q

Where do capillaries carry the blood to?

A

They carry the blood close to every cell in the body to exchange substances with them.

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12
Q

What do capillaries have in order for substances to diffuse in and out?

A

Permeable walls.

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13
Q

What do they supply cells with and what do they air away?

A

They supply food and oxygen and take away waste such as carbon dioxide.

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14
Q

How thick are capillary walls?

A

Only one cell thick.

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15
Q

Why are capillary walls only one cell thick?

A

Because this increases the rate of diffusion by decreasing the distance over which it occurs.

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16
Q

What do veins do?

A

Veins take blood back to the heart.

17
Q

What do capillaries eventually joins up to form?

A

They join up to form veins.

18
Q

What pressure is the blood when it’s in the veins?

A

A low pressure.

19
Q

What does this mean for the vein walls of the blood has a low pressure?

A

The walls in the veins don’t need to be as thick as the walls in the artery.

20
Q

True or false the veins have a bigger lumen than the arteries?

A

True, despite the lower pressure veins have a bigger lumen than arteries.

21
Q

What do veins have inside them?

A

Valves.

22
Q

Why do the veins contain valves?

A

To keep the blood flowing in the right direction.