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Biology > Circulation And Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Circulation And Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

To transport blood,
oxygen and nutrients to
the body

A

Human Circulatory System

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2
Q

Three main parts of circulatory system

A

Heart, blood vessels, and blood

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3
Q

It works as a pump to move the
blood around the body.

A

Heart

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4
Q

four chambers of heart

A

two atria
(upper chambers) and two
ventricles (lower chambers)

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5
Q
  1. Chamber of heart that takes in blood
    carrying carbon dioxide
A

Right atrium

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6
Q
  1. Blood is squeezed down into the _______ and taken to the
    lungs, where oxygen replaces
    carbon dioxide
A

right ventricle

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7
Q
  1. Oxygen-carrying blood
    from the lungs enters the ______
A

left atrium

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8
Q
  1. Blood is pumped into the _______ and starts
    its journey again
    throughout the body
A

left ventricle

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9
Q

It is a special fluid primarily
contained within the blood vessels

A

Blood

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10
Q

four main components of blood

A

red
blood cells, white blood cells,
platelets and plasma.

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11
Q

carry oxygen,
nutrients and wastes

A

Red blood cells

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12
Q

fight diseases and
protect the body
from infection

A

White blood cells

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13
Q

gather at the site
of injury and help
the clotting process

A

Platelets

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14
Q

straw-coloured
liquid where the
other components
float in

A

Plasma

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15
Q

Blood is divided into its
components, with the heaviest
parts at the bottom

A

plasma
white blood cells
and platelets
red blood cells

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16
Q

These are tubes or channels that
carry blood throughout our body

A

Blood vessels

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17
Q

three types of blood
vessels

A

veins, arteries and
capillaries

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18
Q

It has the thickest wall of all three, allowing it to
withstand the high pressure created by the heart.

A

Artery

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19
Q

It has the thinnest wall to allow substances such as
oxygen and sugars to pass through its wall—into or
out of the blood.

A

Capillary

20
Q

It is less muscular and stretchy than an artery, so
blood moves through it with low pressure. It also has a
special valve that helps blood go only one way.

A

Vein

21
Q

Carries blood away
from the heart

A

Artery

22
Q

Assists in the exchange
of substances between
the blood and tissues

A

Capillary

23
Q

Carries blood back
towards the heart

A

Vein

24
Q

is an inherited blood
disorder. People with this have red blood cells
that become hard and sticky, forming a C-
shaped blood cell instead of the healthy disc-
shaped one

A

Sickle cell disease (SCD)

25
Q

The heart weighs about _____ grams and beats around ______ times a day

A

250-350 grams
100,000

26
Q

THE STRUCTURE OF
THE HEART

A

Fibrous Pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
Serous Fluid
Visceral Pericardium

27
Q

LAYERS OF THE HEART

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

28
Q

THE HEART VENTRICLES

A

Superior Atria
Inferior Ventricle
Septum

29
Q

The receiving chambers

A

Atria

30
Q

The discharging chamber

A

Ventricle

31
Q

is the portion of the
cardiovascular system responsible
for transporting oxygen-depleted
blood

A

PULMONARY CIRCULATION

32
Q

They occur as the heart beats,
pumping blood through a system of
blood vessels that carry blood to every
part of the body

A

SYSTOLE & DIASTOLE

33
Q

occurs when
the heart contracts to pump blood
out

A

Systole

34
Q

occurs when the
heart relaxes after contraction

A

diastole

35
Q

Systolic Blood Pressure to peak
pressure , produced by the
contracting ventricles (BP)

A

120

36
Q

Diastolic Blood Pressure the
pressure in your arteries when the
ventricles are relaxed (BP)

A

80

37
Q

can damaged arterial walls,
mess with your circulation and
ultimately endanger your heart,
lungs, brain, kidneys, and nearly
part of you.

A

Prolonged high blood pressure

38
Q

when the heart
stops beating suddenly. The lack of
blood flow to the brain and other
organs can cause a person to lose
consciousness

A

Cardiac arrest

39
Q

is an emergency
procedure performed on
people who are in cardiac
arrest or have stopped
breathing.

A

CPR, or cardiopulmonary
resuscitation

40
Q

is a medical device used to deliver an electric shock
to the heart to restore normal
rhythm in cases of cardiac
arrhythmias,

A

defibrillator

41
Q

chock full of
capillaries, to serve
up a constant supply
of oxygen

A

Endomysium

42
Q

Cardiac muscle cell contains a large number of _____ which are tiny structure responsible for producing energy

A

Mitochondria

43
Q

Both structurally and functionally separate from one another, meaning some cells can work while other cells can’t

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE

44
Q

Both physically and electrically connected, all of the time

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE

45
Q

Keep your heart beating at the correct rhythm

A

Pacemaker cells

46
Q

comprised of several specialized
subpopulations of cells that either spontaneously generate electrical activity

A

The intrinsic conduction system

Biology (12 decks)

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