Chronic Renal Disease Flashcards
What are the common examination findings?
Signs of end stage renal disease from the end of the bed or on examination:
- AV fistula
- Finger prick marks (DM)
- Scar in iliac fossa or nephrectomy scar
- Central line
Mention current renal replacement therapy
eg, Transplant, dialysis from fistula
REMEBER THAT THE KIDNEY IS BLOTABLE AND YOU CAN GET ABOVE IT
What are the investigations?
To finish the exam i would like - to do a PR, check the groin for hernia and do urinalysis
By the bed - History, obs
Bloods - FBC, U/E for egfr and creatine, bone profile,
Other - Abdo x ray, US kidneys, Urinalysis. renal biopsy
What is the treatment?
Conservative - Education, and lifestyle advice eg maintain weight, stop smoking, low potassium and fluid restricted diet
Medical - Anti hypertensives, diabetes managment, Vitamin D
Surgical
- Dialysis
- Transplant
- Peritoneal dialysis
What are causes of CKD
DM
Hypertension
Glomerulinephritis
Genetic eg PCKD
What are the sequelae of CKD?
CVD
Mineral bone disease
Complications of immunosupression from transplant
