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Haematology > Chronic Lymphocytic leukaemia > Flashcards

Chronic Lymphocytic leukaemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

Chronic proliferation of a single type of well differentiated lymphocyte, usually B-lymphocytes.

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2
Q

Who does Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia usually affect?

A

Adults over 55
(men over 60)

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3
Q

What is the most common form of leukaemia in adults?

A

Chronic Lymphocytic leukaemia

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4
Q

How does Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia normally present?

A

Asymptomatically

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5
Q

What are possible features of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

constitutional: anorexia, weight loss
bleeding, infections
lymphadenopathy more marked than chronic myeloid leukaemia

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6
Q

What is the key investigation for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

Immunophenotyping

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7
Q

What other investigations would you do for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

Blood film

Full blood count

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8
Q

What might you find with a full blood count in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

Lymphocytosis

Anaemia

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9
Q

What might you find in a blood film in someone with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

Smudge cells (smear cells)

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10
Q

What is the main management of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

Chemotherapy- Cytotoxic chemotherapy

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11
Q

What are the main complications of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

Hypogammaglobulinemia
Warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
Richter’s transformation

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12
Q

What is Richter’s transformation?

A

Leukaemia cells enter the lymph node and converted into change into high-grade, fast-growing non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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13
Q

What is occurs in Richter’s transformation?

A

Leukaemia cells enter the lymph node and change into a high-grade, fast-growing non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

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14
Q

How does a patient with Richter’s transformation present?

A

Patient’s become unwell suddenly

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15
Q

What are some possible symptoms of Richter’s transformation?

A
  • lymph node swelling
  • fever without infection
  • weight loss
  • night sweats
  • nausea
  • abdominal pain
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16
Q

How is Richter’s transformation diagnosed?

A

Lymph node biopsy

17
Q

What is a possible complication of hypogammaglobulinemia?

A

Recurrent infections

18
Q

What are smudge/smear cells?

A

Cells damaged as they lack a cytoskeletal protein

19
Q

What is CLL due to the proliferation of?

A

It is due to the proliferation of functionally incompetent malignant B cells.

Haematology (36 decks)

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