Chronic Inflammation I, II Flashcards
Which cytokine mediates class switching to IgG and IgE?
A. IL-2
B. IL-3
C. IL-4
D. IL-5
E. IL-10
C
Which cytokine activates the macrophage and promotes B-cell class switching from IgM to IgG?
A. IL-2
B. IFN-gamma
C. IL-4
D. IL-5
E. IL-10
B
Which cytokine promotes the maturation of B cells to plasma?
A. IL-2
B. IFN-gamma
C. IL-4
D. IL-5
E. IL-10
D
What is the “2nd activation signal” in CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell activation?
IL-2 from CD4+ TH1 cells
What is the “2nd activation signal” in CD4+ helper T-cell activation?
B7 on antigen presenting cells (APCs), which binds CD28 on CD4+ helper T cells
The defining feature of a granuloma is a(n) ______________.
epithelioid histiocyte - macrophages with abundant pink cytoplasm
Caseating granulomas are characteristic of what two clinical disorders?
- Tuberculosis
- Fungal infections
What is the purple cell in this image?
Macrophage - contains vacuoles and granules, kidney-shaped nucleus
What is shown in the image below?
Lymphocyte - large round nucleus
What is shown in this image? What type of inflammation is this
Lymphocytes (large nucleus and little cytoplasm) are the purple darker cells; this is chronic inflammation.
What is the lighter portion of this plasma cell?
Golgi apparatus - for making antibodies
What is shown here?
Non-necrotizing (non-caseating) granuloma
The classic example of a necrotizing granuloma is _____.
Tuberculosis
The classic example of a non necrotizing granuloma is ____________________.
sarcoidosis
What type of cell is shown here?
Langhan’s cell - granuloma with multinucleated giant cells, “horseshow” arrangement of multiple nuclei.
