Cartilage and Bone I, II

Question 1

What separates hyaline type cartilage from other cartilage?

A. Lacunae

B. Isogenous groups

C. Homogenous matrix

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Hyaline cartilage would be found:

A. In the inner ear

B. At articular surfaces

C. In the epiglottis

D. more than one of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which type of cartilage is identified particularly by fine, wavy elastin as shown below?

A. Elastic cartilage

B. Hyaline cartilage

C. Fibrocartilage

D. None of these

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Elastic cartilage is found in:

A. Vertebral discs

B. Pubic symphysis

C. Menisci

D. Respiratory tract

E. External ear

Answer 4

E

Question 5

The top arrow in this image indicates:

A. Osteoclast

B. Osteocyte

C. Osteoblast

D. Matrix

Answer 5

C

Question 6

Osteoblasts:

A. Are mature bone cells

B. Synthesize bone matrix

C. Are trapped in dense matrix

D. Digest bone matrix

Answer 6

B

Question 7

The following image is an example of:

A. Osteocyte

B. Osteoblast

C. Osteoclast

D. None of these

Answer 7

A

Question 8

Calcium in the bone binds to ___________ receptors.

A. Osteoblast

B. Osteoclast

C. Both of these

D. Neither of these

Answer 8

A

Question 9

High plasma calcium causes an increase in ________ secretion to bind to and shut down osteoclasts.

A. Calcitonin

B. Osteopontin

C. Chloride

D. None of these

Answer 9

A

Question 10

______________ run the length of a longbone.

A. Volkmann’s canals

B. Haversian canals

C. Periosteal laminae

Answer 10

B

Question 11

Osteoarthritis takes place in which type of cartilage?

A. Hyaline

B. Fibro

C. Elastic

D. More than one of the above

Answer 11

A - Osteoarthritis is the loss of proteoglycans, water, cushion, and cartilage at the joints

Question 12

The bone in the image on the left is normal, while the bone in the image on the right is characteristic of _________________.

Answer 12

Paget’s disease

Question 13

The following images feature what clinical manifestation of the bone?

Answer 13

Osteomyelytis - bone infection indicated by fuzziness due to inflammatory exudate

Question 14

In the following image, the arrow labeled “A” signifies:

A. Epiphysis

B. Diaphysis

C. Metaphysis

Answer 14

A

Question 15

In the following image, the arrow labeled “B” signifies:

A. Epiphysis

B. Diaphysis

C. Metaphysis

Answer 15

C

Question 16

In the following image, the arrow labeled “C” signifies:

A. Epiphysis

B. Diaphysis

C. Metaphysis

Answer 16

B

Question 17

The zone of the epiphyseal plate featured at the top of this image is the:

A. Zone of resorption/ossification

B. Zone of calcified cartilage

C. Zone of hypertrophied cartilage

D. Zone of proliferating cartilage

E. Zone of resting cartilage

Answer 17

E

Question 18

The zone of the epiphyseal plate featured at the bottom of this image is the:

A. Zone of resorption/ossification

B. Zone of calcified cartilage

C. Zone of hypertrophied cartilage

D. Zone of proliferating cartilage

E. Zone of resting cartilage

Answer 18

A

Question 19

The zone of hypertrophied cartilage:

A. Is responsible for synthesis of collagen X

B. Possesses vitamin D3 receptors

C. Degrades collagen II

D. Secretes angiogenic factor VEGF

E. All of the above

Answer 19

E

Question 20

Osteoporosis:

A. Rarely affects men

B. Occurs least commonly in the hip

C. Does not differ by race

D. Occurs most commonly in the spine

Answer 20

D

Question 21

Which best describes “primary” bone?

A. Laminar bone

B. Compact Haversian bone

C. Spongy, cancellous bone

D. Woven bone

Answer 21

D

Question 22

To identify compact (secondary) bone, one should look for:

A. Intramembranous growth

B. Endochondral growth

C. Haversian systems

D. Cartilage interstitial mitoses

E. Callus

Answer 22

C

Question 23

Which type of bones have canaliculi?

A. Intramembranous

B. Endocondral

C. Callus

D. Compact

E. All of the above

Answer 23

E