Chronic diffuse interstitia (Restrictive) disease

Question 1

give 3 points about Eosinophilic disease

Answer 1

*
Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia
*
Secondary Eosinophilia
*
Idiopathic Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia

Question 2

explain the fibrosing diseases

Answer 2

Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (Uip) / Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (Ipf)

Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia (Nsip) * Better Prognosis Than Patients With UIP/ IPF

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (Cop)

Connective Tissue-disease Associated E.G. SLE, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Sclerosis

Pneumoconioses

Drug Reactions, Radiation Pneumonitis

Question 3

Gives examples of Grunulomatous disease

Answer 3

Sarcoidosis

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis)

Question 4

List examples of smoking related diseases

Answer 4

Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia (DIP)

Respiratory Bronchiolitis associated Interstitial Lung Disease (RB-ILD)

Question 5

List the part of heterogenous grou of disorders cahracterized by lung

Answer 5

interstitial inflammation and fibrosis, +

pulmonary function studies indicating restrictive lung disease (decreased diffusion capacity, lung volume and lung compliance)

Question 6

What are the classification of chronic diffuse interstitial (restrictive) diseases

Answer 6

Classification: Based on histology and clinical features. However, in advanced disease, distinguishing between categories becomes difficult due to diffuse lung scarring (end-stage or “honeycomb” lung)

Question 7

Explain the clinical findings if chronic diffuse interstitial (restrictive) diseases

Answer 7

Clinical findings: Dyspnoea, tachypnoea, end-inspiratory crackles, eventual cyanosis

Question 8

The imaging of chronic diffuse interstitial (restrictive) diseases

Answer 8

Imaging: Bilateral disease with small nodules, irregular lines or ground-glass shadows

Question 9

The complication of chronic diffuse interstitial (restrictive) disease

Answer 9

Complications: secondary pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale (right-sided heart failure)

Question 10

what is Pneumoconiosis

Answer 10

Lung disease due to inhalation of mineral dusts during work (occupational e.g. coal dust in coal mining, silica in sandblasting, asbestos in shipyard workers), organic dusts (e.g. mouldy hay during farming) as well as
chemical fumes and vapours.

Question 11

The developmeny of pneumocniosi depends on what?

Answer 11

• Development of disease depends on the amount of dust retention, the size, solubility and cytotoxicity of the dust particle, particle uptake by / transit across epithelial cells and activation of the inflammasome

Question 12

Lung disease caused by inhalation of coal particles and other admixed forms of dust –
Seen in coal miners,city dwellers and smokers;
Name the diseases

Answer 12

Coal workers pneumoconiosis (CWP)

Question 13

Explain the characteristics of simple CWP

Answer 13

“simple CWP: (i) Coal macules (carbon-laden macrophages) (ii) Coal nodules (upper lobes more heavily involved) (iii) Centrilobular emphysema

Question 14

explain the characterstics of complicated CWP

Answer 14

Complicated CWP: Develops after many years (i) Intense blackened scars larger than 2 cm in diameter ,progressive massive fibrosis affects lung function). (ii) Center of lesion is often necrotic

Question 15

Accumulation of carbon-laden macrophages in lung

Answer 15

Anthracosis

Question 16

where is anthracosis seen most

Answer 16

Coal miners, city dwellers and smokers

Question 17

In coal miners massive amount of inhaled particles elicit what?

Answer 17

In coal miners massive amounts of inhaled particles elicit a fibrogenic response to produce coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, accompanied by progressive massive fibrosis

Question 18

Smokers have more pigmentation of what?

Answer 18

Smokers have more anthracotic pigmentation because of tobacco smoke tar but still do not have significant disease from the carbonaceous pigment.

Question 19

the cwp leads to increase in risk of what?

Answer 19

TB and Lung cancer

Question 20

asymptomatic and usually does not cause dysfunction
True or False

Answer 20

True

Question 21

is progressive massive fibrosis seen?

Answer 21

Yes