Chromatography(Complete)

Question 1

What is chromatography?

Answer 1

A separation technique where substances in a mobile phase are separated while in contact with a stationary phase.
The separation is caused by differential attraction to the stationary phase.
Substances that are more attracted to the stationary phase move more slowly.

Question 2

What is the principle of the separation of the components in a mixture using any type of chromatography?

Answer 2

Mixture in mobile phase is separated due to differential attraction to stationary phase.

Question 3

Describe the procedure of carrying out paper chromatography.

Answer 3

Draw a pencil line 2cm from the bottom of chromatography paper.
Spot different inks onto the line several times.
Allow ink to dry before adding more spots.
Place into the chromatopot making sure the solvent is below the line.
The solvent moves up the paper by capillary action pulling the ink with it.
The colours that are more attracted to the paper move more slowly.

Question 4

How do you make green ink?

Answer 4

A mixture of blue and yellow inks.

Question 5

How do you make purple ink?

Answer 5

A mixture of blue and red inks.

Question 6

Name the types of chromatography.

Answer 6

Paper chromatography.
Thin layer chromatography.
Column chromatography.
HPLC.
Gas chromatography.

Question 7

What is the stationary phase of paper chromatography?

Answer 7

A porous paper like filter paper.

Question 8

What is the mobile phase of paper chromatography?

Answer 8

A liquid such as water, alcohol or acetone.

Question 9

What are the uses of paper chromatography?

Answer 9

Separated dyes in ink or food dyes.

Question 10

What is the stationary phase of thin layer chromatography?

Answer 10

A thin layer of powder usually spread evenly on a metal sheet.

Question 11

What is the mobile phase of thin layer chromatography?

Answer 11

A liquid such as water, alcohol or acetone.

Question 12

What is the use of thin layer chromatography?

Answer 12

Separate dyes in ink.

Question 13

What is the stationary phase of column chromatography?

Answer 13

A column filled with a powder, e.g silica gel.

Question 14

What is the mobile phase of column chromatography?

Answer 14

A liquid such as water, alcohol to acetone.

It moved down the column under gravity.

Question 15

What is the use of column chromatography?

Answer 15

Separating dyes.

Question 16

What is HPLC?

Answer 16

High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Question 17

What is the stationary phase of HPLC?

Answer 17

A column filled with a very tightly packed powder, e.g alumina.

Question 18

What is the mobile phase of HPLC?

Answer 18

A liquid such as water, alcohol or acetone under high pressure.

Question 19

What are the uses of HPLC?

Answer 19

Analysing growth promoters in meat or vitamins in food.

Drug tests.

Question 20

What is the stationary phase of gas chromatography?

Answer 20

A column filled with a powder. e.g alumina, that is covered in a non-volatile liquid such as oil. The stationary phase is oil.

Question 21

What is the mobile phase of gas chromatography?

Answer 21

An inert has such as nitrogen, helium or argon.

Question 22

What are the uses of gas chromatography?

Answer 22

Drug tests.

Blood alcohol tests.

Question 23

Explain why different components of the mixture travel different distances along the paper over a given time.

Answer 23

Substances that are more attracted to the stationary phase move more slowly.

Question 24

What are the main principles in which chromatography is based on?

Answer 24

Stationary phase.
Mobile phase.
Separation of the mixture based on different attractions with the phases.