christianity, gender + sexuality Flashcards
What was the 19th century era called?
Enlightenment period
What did men, women + single girls do in the 19th cent?
Men: travelled to work in factories/offices
Wives: stayed at home
Single girls: sent to work in service in wealthy homes
What was believed men + women should do in the 19th cent?
Men: manual+military labour
Woman: weaker; stay at home to educate children
What happened by 1848?
Bedford College+Queen’s College London trained women to become teachers
Where does Paul urges women+men to pray for authority, they might as well live in structures they find themselves in?
Timothy 2:8-15
Who were married women the property of in 19th cent? What did this mean?
Property of their husbands; having made over to him all rights over their own bodies regarding sex
Where were women being increasingly accepted in the 19th cent?
Medical field, charitable work + social welfare
What happened to the women during the First World War?
They’d be increasingly accepted into jobs trad. taken by men
What was liberal theology?
Attempt to show the relevance of religious ideas in modern life
Present Christian faith in a way that was compatible w science + modern thought
What’s the first thing Biblical criticism examines?
Original lang. in which scripture was written to make sure translated words ref. the meaning the authors intended
What’s the second thing Biblical criticism examines?
Looks at the form of each piece of writing to find the context in which it should be understood
What’s the third things Biblical criticism looks at?
Background to each passage of scripture commonly held views of the day
Why did Barth challenge the liberal approach to Biblical criticism?
The Christian message in the Bible isn’t a development of Enlightenment values
It’s wrong to say human reason can be used to judge scripture
What did fundamentalist/liberalism say about Biblical criticism?
God’s word was clear; it’s wrong to study it critically bc it would undermine the straightforward meaning
What did Jesus accept?
Women among his followers as well as social/religious outcasts
Where do women play a significant part? Give 2 examples
New Testament
Mary, mother of Jesus + Mary of Mandala
What does Timothy 2:8-15 say about gender?
Paul urges women+men to pray for authority, they might as well live in structures they find themselves in
What does Natural Law suggest?
Ppl should live in the way that reflects inherent nature
If men+women have diff natures, it follows that they should take diff lives
What is Apostolic Succession?
Bishops of the Church are consecrates in a line of succession that goes unbroken back to the apostles - only men were appointed
What did the ordination the Vatican declared in the 70s?
- Ordination of women in the Early Church was limited to minority sects + condemned
- The Church follows Christ himself in choosing only men for his ministry
What is priesthood of all believers?
The idea that all are equal before God + there’s no need for God’s grace to be mediated through a priest
How were women seen during the Protestant Reformation?
Women were seen to need protection; either within families or by marriage
Secular role of women was seen as equal to those in monastic life
What is ‘the glass ceiling’?
Women are allowed to compete w men at all levels, but in practice there’re mire men than women in senior roles
Why did ppl oppose the ordination of women?
Bc the Church of England didn’t have authority to overturn tradition of male-only ordained ministry in the Apostolic succession
