Chpt 6

Question 1

The function of a______is to transfer the structural load of a building to the ground

Answer 1

Foundation

Question 2

The use of a test pit usually used up to a depth of about 8 feet. The use of a test pit permits the ____ of the soil to be observed and measured

Answer 2

Strata

Question 3

The allowable foundation pressure for sandy clay is

Answer 3

1500 pounds per square foot

Question 4

For bedrock the allowable foundation pressure is

Answer 4

12,000 per square foot

Question 5

A ____ can provide information on the bearing capacity of soil through the use of a driving hammer

Answer 5

Test boring

Question 6

The main factors that determine the type of foundation to be used for a building are the soil conditions and structural configuration other factors include the following

Answer 6

The work space available
Environmental factors
Impact on adjacent property
Building codes and regulations

Question 7

A_____ transfers the weight of the building to the soil at the base of the building.

Answer 7

Shallow foundations

Question 8

Penetrate layers of soil directly under a building to reach soil at a greater depth that can support the weight of the building

Answer 8

Deep foundations

Question 9

Shallow foundations usually make use of ____ to transmit the load to the soil

Answer 9

Footings

Question 10

A _____ is a widened base at the bottom of a column or foundation wall

Answer 10

Footing

Question 11

A _____ is a continuous strip of concrete that supports a wall

Answer 11

Wall footing

Question 12

A ____ is a square pad of concrete that supports a column

Answer 12

Column footing

Question 13

A ____ consists of layers of beams placed at right angles to each other that are usually encased in concrete

Answer 13

Grillage footing

Question 14

When the load bearing capacity of the soil beneath a building is low, the footing must be large in area and a _____ may be used

Answer 14

Mat foundation

Question 15

A ____ is a thick slab beneath the entire area of a building

Answer 15

Mat foundation

Question 16

In some cases where the soil strength is low, a type of foundation known as a ____ may be used

Answer 16

Floating foundation

Question 17

A _____ is the same as a mat foundation except that it is located beneath a building at a depth such that the weight of the soil removed is equal to the weight of the building

Answer 17

Floating foundation

Question 18

Are more costly than shallow foundations, so are used only where shallow foundation cannot be used

Answer 18

Deep foundations

Question 19

Take the form of either piles or piers

Answer 19

Deep foundations

Question 20

Are driven into the ground and develop their load carrying ability either through friction with surrounding soil or by being driven into contact with rock or a load bearing soil layer

Answer 20

Piles

Question 21

Are constructed by first drilling or digging a shaft and then filling it with concrete

Answer 21

Piers

Question 22

When a pier is designed with a footing, it is known as a

Answer 22

Belled pier

Question 23

Piers are often sometimes referred to as

Answer 23

Caissons

Question 24

More accurately, the _____ is the protective sleeve used to keep water out of the excavation for the pier.

Answer 24

Caisson

Question 25

When a building is to have a basement, the foundation must include ____ to enclose it

Answer 25

Walls

Question 26

Concrete is the material most commonly used for

Answer 26

Foundation walls

Question 27

Is the most frequent building movement

Answer 27

Settlement of foundations

Question 28

In_____, parts of a foundation settle at the same rate and misalignment between structural members is minor

Answer 28

Uniform settlement

Question 29

Takes place when different parts of the foundation settle by different amounts

Answer 29

Differential settlement

Question 30

Differential settlement of a foundation can result from several conditions

Answer 30

Nonuniform soil conditions under the foundation
Footings or different sizes
Footings places at different elevations
Unequal loads on footings

Question 31

Situations may arise where it is necessary to strengthen and stabilize and existing foundation. This process is known as

Answer 31

Underpinning

Question 32

Refers to temporary support

Answer 32

Shoring

Question 33

Refers to permanent support

Answer 33

Underpinning

Question 34

The placement of shoring and underpinning is difficult and often dangerous work. It frequently involves excavation by hand because it may not be possible to position power equipment when the work is done in limited spaces such as basement. If a collapse occurs in connection with this work the fire department typically is called upon to conduct a

Answer 34

Rescue operations