Chp9 inherience

Question 1

chromosome theory of inheritance

Answer 1

genes are located at specific positions (loci) on chromosomes and the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization accounts for inheritance patterns.

Question 2

sex chromosomes

Answer 2

designated X and Y, that determine an individual’s sex.
• Individuals with one X chromosome and one Y chromosome are males.
• XX individuals are females.

Question 3

What are linked genes?

Answer 3

genes that are linked together on the chromosome. alleles already together on a chromosome wil be inherited as a unit more frequently .

Question 4

genetics and heredity

Answer 4

Genetics is the study of how heritable traits are transmitted from parents to off spring

Question 5

Self-Fertilization

Answer 5

fusion of sperm and egg produced from the same plant

Question 6

cross-fertilization

Answer 6

pollen form one plant is used to pollinate another plant

Question 7

purebred

Answer 7

offspring of many generations that have the same form of trait

Question 8

what is a Hybrid breed

Answer 8

mating of two species where the offspring display traits and characteristics of both parents.

Question 9

Heterozygous

Answer 9

cell has two different alleles Ex. rR or Rr

Question 10

homozygous

Answer 10

Cell has same type of alleles Ex. RR or rr

Question 11

genotype

Answer 11

Genetic make up. A combo of alleles for a trait. expressed in two letters

Question 12

phenotype

Answer 12

The physical appearance of a trait. Ex. color or shape of flower and seeds.

Question 13

law of segregation

Answer 13

States that alleles segregate randomly into gametes.

half of parents gametes carry each allele

Question 14

law of independent assortment

Answer 14

different genes independently separate from one another. Assortment of homologous chromosomes are random

Question 15

dihybrid cross

Answer 15

mating experiment between two hybrid organisms with two different traits

Question 16

True breeding

Answer 16

breeding where the parents would produce offspring that will always carry the same phenotype

Question 17

alleles

Answer 17

different forms of the same gene that are located in the same part of choromosome

Question 18

phenotype

Answer 18

the physical appearrance of an organism based on teh genotype

Question 19

genotype

Answer 19

genotype is the combo of alleles for a trait. pp, Pp, PP

Question 20

. What is codominance? Give an example

Answer 20

Neither allele can mask the expression of the other allele. Ex. ABO blood group where both A & B alleles are both expressed.

Question 21

What is pleiotropy? Give an example.

Answer 21

expression of multiple traits by a single gene Ex. phenylketonuria is a disease that is a genetic disorder.

Question 22

. What is a pedigree? How is the pedigree useful?

Answer 22

Genetic representation of the family tree. Shows the relationships between family members and shows which members express or carry a trait.