CHapter 3 Flashcards
Why does carbon form large and diverse molecules?
carbon is the only element that can form 4 chemical bonds to other atoms. It has a small size that can fit in comfortably
What are hydrocarbons? Give an example of a hydrocarbon present in your cells.
Energy rich organic compounds that provide fuel. fat molecules
What are Isomers? What is the difference between Structural, cis-trans & Enantiomers?
Isomers are molecules that have same molecular formula but different structures ie. Heart and Earth
Define Dehydration synthesis, Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis-Breaks bonds between monomers
Dehydration synthesis- links two monomers together but removed water molecule
What are the three types of carbohydrates? What are their monomers, know their examples & function
Monosaccharides - Single molecule - Fruit
Disaccharide - 2 molecules - table sugar
Polysaccharides- many molecules - Pasta
Fats: Define triglycerides, bond between fatty acids and glycerol.
Triglycerides- A dietary fat that consists of a molecule of glycerol linked to three molecules of fatty acids.
A dehydration reaction links the fatty acid to glycerol, 3 fatty acids
types of fats; saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and their examples.
Saturated fats: Unhealthy, found in meat, full dairy, contain the max number of hydrogen atoms. straight shape.
UnSaturated fats: fewer than the maximum number of hydrogens at the double bond. fish, plants oils.
Nucleic acids: DNA & RNA. Know the difference between them. What is a nucleotide? What is the structure and function of DNA & RNA? What are complementary strands and what are complementary bases?
DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid. Genetic material that humans and all other organisms inherit form their parents.
RNA: Ribonucleic acid: different bases, sugar - ribose, single strand
Nucleotide: Nucleic acids are polymers made from monomers
