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Biology > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Atomic number and mass number?

A

Atomic Number - number of protons. Atomic Mass- Sum of protons and neutrons

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2
Q

Define Isotopes, how do they differ from each other?

A

Isotopes have same number protons and electrons, but different number of neutrons

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3
Q

3 types of Chemical bonds

A

Covalent bonds
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds.

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4
Q

Ionic bonds

A

Attraction between two Oppositely charged ions

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5
Q

Covalent bond

A

two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

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6
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

Electrons are not shared equally between oxygen and hydrogen atoms

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7
Q

Polar molecule

A

one with an uneven distribution of charge that creates two poles, one positive pole and one negative pole

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8
Q

What are ions?

A

Atoms that are electrically charged as a result of losing electrons.

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9
Q

Bond between Hydrogen and Oxygen in a water molecule

A

Hydrogen bond

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10
Q

Bond between two neighboring water molecules

A

Hydrogen bond.the strong polar bond between water molecules creates water cohesion

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11
Q 
7. What are the different Properties of water?
A

the cohesive nature of water, the ability of water to moderate temperature, the ­biological significance of ice floating, and the versatility of water as a solvent.

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12
Q

How is water beneficial to the organisms and their environment?

A

Keeps planet warm, feeds live, transfers heat, creates

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13
Q
  1. Define Acids, Bases & Buffers.
A

Acid- a compound that releases H*
Base- a compound that accepts H+ ions and removed them from solution
Neutral Solution - a ph of 7, neither acidic nor basic.

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14
Q
  1. Define pH, Acids, Base & Neutral solution. How do these solutions vary in their H+ and OH- concentrations?
A

pH- measure of acidity of a solution
Base- a compound that accepts H+ ions and removed them from solution
Neutral Solution -

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15
Q

What are buffers?

A

Substances that minimize changes in pH

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16
Q

Some people in your study group say they don’t understand what a polar molecule is. You explain that a polar molecule

A

is slightly negative at one end and slightly positive at the other end.

17
Q

protons and neutrons have

A

atomic nucleus components

18
Q

hydrophilic substance

A

any polar molecule that dissolves in water

19
Q

Isotopes of an element have the same number of ________ and different numbers of ________.

A

protons… neutrons

20
Q

When dissolved in water, a/an, ___________ donates H+ while a/an _______ accepts H+

A

acid …..base

21
Q

The lower the pH of a solution, the ________.

A

more acidic the solution

22
Q

Sodium has 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is _____ and mass number is ______.

A

11……….23

Biology (13 decks)

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