Chp17-P612-628

Question 1

Social Psychology?

Answer 1

the branch of psychology that studies the effect of social variables on individual behaviour, attitudes, perceptions and motives, also studies group and intergroup phenomena.

Question 2

Social cognition?

Answer 2

the process by which people select, interpret and remember social information.

Question 3

Social perception?

Answer 3

The process by which a person comes to know or perceive the personal attributes.

Question 4

Attribution theory?

Answer 4

A social cognitive approach to describing the ways the social perceiver uses information to generate causal explanations.

Question 5

Covariation model?

Answer 5

A theory that suggests that people attribute a behaviour to a causal factor if that factor was present whenever the behaviour occurred but was absent whenever it didn’t occur.

Question 6

Fundamental attribution error (FAE)?

Answer 6

The dual tendency of observers to underestimate the impact of situational factors and to overestimate the influence of dispositional factors on a person’s behaviour.

Question 7

Self-serving bias

Answer 7

An attributional bias in which people tend to take credit for their successes and deny responsibility for their failures.

Question 8

Self-fulfilling prophecy?

Answer 8

A prediction made about some future behaviour or event that modifies interactions so as to procuce what is expected.

Question 9

Social role?

Answer 9

A socially defined pattern of behaviour that is expected of a person who is functioning in a given setting or group.

Question 10

Rule?

Answer 10

Behavioural guidelines for acting in certain ways in certain situations.

Question 11

Social norms?

Answer 11

The expectation a group has for its members regarding acceptable and appropriate attitudes and behaviours.

Question 12

Conformity?

Answer 12

The tendency for people to adopt the behaviours, attitudes and values of other members of a reference group.

Question 13

Informational influence?

Answer 13

Group effects that arise from individuals’ desire to be correct and right and to understand how best to act in a given situation.

Question 14

Normative influence?

Answer 14

Group effects that arise from individuals’s desire to be liked, accepted and approved of by others.

Question 15

Norm crystallisation?

Answer 15

The convergence of the expectations of a group of individuals into a common perspective as they talk and carry out activities together.

Question 16

Group polarisation?

Answer 16

The tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the decisions that would be made by the members acting alone.

Question 17

GroupThink

Answer 17

The tendency of a decisoin-making group to filter out undesirable input so that a consensus may be reached, especially if it is in line with the leader’s viewpoint.

Question 18

attitude?

Answer 18

The learned, relatively stable tendencys to respond to people, concepts and events in an evaluative way.

Question 19

Persuasion?

Answer 19

Deliberate efforts to change attitudes.

Question 20

Elaboration likelihood model?

Answer 20

A theory of persuasion that defines how likely it is that people will focus their cognitive processes to elaborate upon a message and therefore follow the central and peripheral routes to persuasion.