Ch15-P530-547

Question 1

Psychopathological functioning

Answer 1

Disruptions in emotional, behavioural or thought processes that lead to personal distress or block one’s ability to achieve important goals.

Question 2

Abnormal psychology?

Answer 2

The area of psychology investigation concerned with understanding the nature of individual pathologies of mind, mood and behaviour.

Question 3

Psychological diagnosis?

Answer 3

The label given to psychological abnormality by classifying and categorising the observed behaviour pattern into an approved diagnostic system.

Question 4

DSM-IV-TR

Answer 4

The current diagnostic and statistical manual of the American Psychological Association that classifies, defines and describes mental disorders.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Question 5

Comorbidity?

Answer 5

The experience of more than one disorder at the same time

Question 6

Neurotic disorder?

Answer 6

A mental disorder in which a person does not have signs of brain abnormalities and does not display grossly irrational thinking or violate basic norms but does experience subjective distress; a category dropped from DSM-III

Question 7

Psychotic disorder?

Answer 7

A severe mental disorder in which a person experiences impairments in reality testing manifested through thought, emotional, or perceptual difficulties, no longer used as diagnostic category after DSM-III

Question 8

Insanity?

Answer 8

The legal (not clinical) designation for the state of an individual judged to be legally irresponsible or incompetent.

Question 9

Aetiology?

Answer 9

The causes of, or factors related to, the development of a disorder.

Question 10

Anxiety disorder?

Answer 10

A mental disorder marked by psychological arousal, feeling of tension, and intense apprehension without apparent reason.

Question 11

Generalised anxiety disorder?

Answer 11

An anxiety disorder in which an individual feels anxious and worried most of the time for a least six months when not threatened by any specific danger or object.

Question 12

Panic disorder?

Answer 12

An anxiety disorder in which sufferers experience unexpected, severe panic attacks that begin with a feeling of intense apprehension, fear or terror.

Question 13

Agoraphobia?

Answer 13

An extreme fear of being in public places or open spaces fron which escape may be difficult or embarrassing.

Question 14

Fear?

Answer 14

A rational reaction to an objectively identified external danger thay may induce a person to flee or attack in self-defence

Question 15

Phobia?

Answer 15

A persistent and irrational fear (of a specific object, activity or situation) that is excessive and unreasonable given the reality of the threat.

Question 16

Social phobia?

Answer 16

A persistent, irrational fear that arises in anticipation of a public situation in which an individual can be observed by others.

Question 17

Specific phobia?

Answer 17

A phobia that occurs in response to a specific type of object or situation.

Question 18

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Answer 18

A mental disorder characterised by obsessions - recurrent thoughts, images or impulses that recur or persist despite efforts to suppress them - and compulsions-repetittive purposeful acts performed according to certain rules or in a ritualised manner.

Question 19

Mood disorder?

Answer 19

A mood disburbance, such as severe depression or depression, alternating wiht mania.

Question 20

Major depressive disorder?

Answer 20

A mood disorder characterised by intense feelings of depresion over an extended time, without the manic high phase of bipolar depression.

Question 21

bipolar disorder

Answer 21

A mood disorder characterised by alternating periods of depression and mania.

Question 22

Manic episode?

Answer 22

Part of bipolar disorder displaying periods of extreme elation, unbounded euphoria without sufficient reason, and grandiose thoughts or feelings about personal abilities.

Question 23

Learned helplessness?

Answer 23

A general pattern of nonresponding in the presence of noxious stimuli that often follows after an organism has peviously experienced noncontingent, inescapable aversive stimuli.

Contingent - depending on something to occur. Plans contingent on weather