Ch12-WholeReverse

Question 1

the process of starting, directing and maintaining physical and psychological activities; includes mechanisms involved in preferences for one activity over another and the vigour and persistence of responses.

Answer 1

Motivation?

Question 2

An internal state that arises in response to a disequilibrium in an animal’s physiological needs.

Answer 2

Drive?

Question 3

constancy or equilibrium of the internal conditions of the body.

Answer 3

Homeostasis?

Question 4

An external stimulus or reward that motivates behaviour although it does not relate directly to biological needs.

Answer 4

Incentive?

Question 5

A pre-programmed tendency that is essential to a species survival.

Answer 5

Instinct?

Question 6

The learning theory that stresses the role of observation and the irritation of behaviours observed in others

Answer 6

Social learning theory?

Question 7

Maslow’s view that basic human motives form a hierarchy and that the needs at each level of the hierarchy must be satisfied before the next level can be achieved; these needs progress from basic biological needs to the need for self actualisation.

Answer 7

Hierarchy of needs?

Question 8

An eating disorder in which an individual weighs less than 85 per cent of her or his expected weight but still expresses intense fear of becoming fat.

Answer 8

Anorexia nervosa?

Question 9

An eating disorder characterised by binge eating followed by measures to purge the body of excess calories.

Answer 9

Bulimia nervosa?

Question 10

An eating disorder characterised by out of control binge eating without subsequent purges.

Answer 10

binge eating disorder

Question 11

the motivational state of excitement and tension brought about by physiological and cognitive reactions to erotic stimuli.

Answer 11

Sexual arousal?

Question 12

the time and energy parents must spend raising their offspring.

Answer 12

Parental investment?

Question 13

a socially learned program of sexual responsiveness

Answer 13

Sexual script

Question 14

unwanted sexual violation by a social acquaintance in the context of a consensual dating situation.

Answer 14

Date rape

Question 15

A projective test in which pictures of ambigious scenes are presented to an individual, who is encouraged to generate stories about them.

Answer 15

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Question 16

An assumed basic human need to strive for achievement of goals that motivates a wide range of behaviour and thinking.

Answer 16

Need for Achievement (n Ach)?

Question 17

A judgment about the causes of outcomes.

Answer 17

Attribution?

Question 18

A psychologist who studies various aspects of the human work environment, such as communication among employees, socialisation or enculturation of workers, leadership, job satisfaction, stress and burnout, and overall quality of life

Answer 18

Organisational Psychologist?

Question 19

A cognitive theory of work motivation that proposes that workers are motivated to maintain fair and equitable relationships with other relevant persons; also, a model that postulates that equitable relationships are those in which the participants’ outcomes are porportional to their inputs.

Answer 19

equity theory