chp. 3 vocab Flashcards
acid
a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
base
a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
evaporation
transformation from liquid to a gas (vaporization)
hydronium ion
the molecule that got the proton bound to it when the molecules started having their hydrogen atoms shift between each other
molarity
number of moles(unit measurement for a substance) of solute per liter of a solution
solute
the substance that’s dissolved
acid precipitation
rain, snow, or fog that has a pH lower(more acidic) than 5.2
buffer
substances that minimize changes in the concentrations of OH-(hydroxide ions) and H+(hydrogen ions)
evaporative cooling
process of removing heat from a surface due to the evaporation of water
hydrophilic
love of water
molecule mass
the sum of all the masses of atoms in a molecule
solution
a liquid that is a completely homogenous mixture of 2+ substances
adhesion
the clinging of one substance to another
calorie
a unit of energy equivalent to the amount of heat required to raise temp of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C
heat
a form of energy, for a given body of matter the amount of heat is a measure of the matter’s total kinetic energy due to the motion of its molecules
hydrophobic
substances that are nonionic and non polar, they repel water
pH
the negative log of a substances hydrogen ion concentration
solvent
the dissolving agent of a solution
aqueous solution
when water is the solvent (dissolving agent)
cohesion
the bondage of multiple hydrogen bonds in h2o that holds water together making it one of the most structured liquids
hydrogen ion
when a hydrogen atom leaves behind an electron and a hydrogen ion is transferred(a single proton with a charge of 1+) (H+)
hydroxide ion
the water molecule that lost the proton which has a charge of 1-(OH-)
polar molecule
the unequal distribution of electrons in atoms bonded together
surface tension
a measure of how hard it is to stretch/break the surface of a liquid
