chp. 3 vocab

Question 1

acid

Answer 1

a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

Question 2

base

Answer 2

a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

Question 3

evaporation

Answer 3

transformation from liquid to a gas (vaporization)

Question 4

hydronium ion

Answer 4

the molecule that got the proton bound to it when the molecules started having their hydrogen atoms shift between each other

Question 5

molarity

Answer 5

number of moles(unit measurement for a substance) of solute per liter of a solution

Question 6

solute

Answer 6

the substance that’s dissolved

Question 7

acid precipitation

Answer 7

rain, snow, or fog that has a pH lower(more acidic) than 5.2

Question 8

buffer

Answer 8

substances that minimize changes in the concentrations of OH-(hydroxide ions) and H+(hydrogen ions)

Question 9

evaporative cooling

Answer 9

process of removing heat from a surface due to the evaporation of water

Question 10

hydrophilic

Answer 10

love of water

Question 11

molecule mass

Answer 11

the sum of all the masses of atoms in a molecule

Question 12

solution

Answer 12

a liquid that is a completely homogenous mixture of 2+ substances

Question 13

adhesion

Answer 13

the clinging of one substance to another

Question 14

calorie

Answer 14

a unit of energy equivalent to the amount of heat required to raise temp of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C

Question 15

heat

Answer 15

a form of energy, for a given body of matter the amount of heat is a measure of the matter’s total kinetic energy due to the motion of its molecules

Question 16

hydrophobic

Answer 16

substances that are nonionic and non polar, they repel water

Question 17

pH

Answer 17

the negative log of a substances hydrogen ion concentration

Question 18

solvent

Answer 18

the dissolving agent of a solution

Question 19

aqueous solution

Answer 19

when water is the solvent (dissolving agent)

Question 20

cohesion

Answer 20

the bondage of multiple hydrogen bonds in h2o that holds water together making it one of the most structured liquids

Question 21

hydrogen ion

Answer 21

when a hydrogen atom leaves behind an electron and a hydrogen ion is transferred(a single proton with a charge of 1+) (H+)

Question 22

hydroxide ion

Answer 22

the water molecule that lost the proton which has a charge of 1-(OH-)

Question 23

polar molecule

Answer 23

the unequal distribution of electrons in atoms bonded together

Question 24

surface tension

Answer 24

a measure of how hard it is to stretch/break the surface of a liquid