Chloroplasts and Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 1

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 1

Organelles that carry out photosynthesis.

Question 2

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 2

Site where photosynthesis takes place

Question 3

What are the components of chloroplasts?

Answer 3

• Chloroplast Envelope
• Grana
• Thylakoids
• Chloroplasts
• Stroma

Question 4

What is the chloroplast envelope?

Answer 4

Double membrane that surrounds the organelle.

Question 5

What are grana?

Answer 5

Grana are stacks up disc like structures What

Question 6

What is the purpose of the grana?

Answer 6

Place where the first stage of photosynthesis takes place.

Question 7

What is the purpose of the thylakoids?

Answer 7

Contain photosynthetic pigments called chlorophyll.

Question 8

What is the stroma?

Answer 8

Stroma is the fluid filled matrix where the second stage of photosynthesis takes place.

Question 9

How have chloroplasts adapted to their functions?

Answer 9

• The granal membranes provide a large surface area for the attachment of chlorophyll, electron carriers and enzymes that carry out the first stage of photosynthesis.
• Fluid of the stroma possess all the enzymes needed to make the sugars in the second stage of photosynthesis.
• Chloroplasts contain both DNA and ribosomes, so that they can quickly and easily easily manufacture some of the proteins needed for photosynthesis.

Question 10

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 10

• Site where photosynthesis takes place.

Question 11

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 11

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

* Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 12

What is the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 12

• A system of sheet like membranes spreading through the cytoplasm of the cells, that is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane.
• The membranes enclose a network of tubules and flattened sacs called cisternae.

Question 13

What are the differences between SER and RER?

Answer 13

• RER has ribosomes present on the outer surfaces of the membranes.
• SER lacks ribosomes on its surface, and is more tubular in appearance.

Question 14

What are the functions of RER?

Answer 14

• Provide a large surface area for the synthesis of proteins and glycoproteins.
• Provide a pathway for the transport of materials, throughout the cell.

Question 15

What are the functions of SER?

Answer 15

• Synthesize, store and transport lipids.

* Synthesize, store and transport carbohydrates.