Childhood Viruses Flashcards
What type of genome does Measles Virus have?
(-)ssRNA
What is the virion of the measles virus?
Enveloped
What is the replication process for measles?
After entry, (-)ssRNA must form mRNA which will be translated into proteins and eventually full genomes which travel to the cell surface and bud out.
How is Measles virus usually spread?
Inhalation of aerosolized droplets
How does measles virus interfere with the host immune system?
Interference with CD46 and signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) receptors
What are the symptoms of measles virus?
2-3 days of fever + cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. Rash.
What is the primary prevention method for measles virus?
Vaccination (live attenuated vaccine) provides life long immunity.
What type of genome does Respiratory Syncytial Virus have?
(-)ssRNA
What type of virion does Respiratory Syncytial Virus have?
Enveloped
What is the target cell for Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection?
Ciliated cells in the respiratory tract epithelium
Is respiratory Syncytial Virus able to become a systemic infection?
RSV is limited to the respiratory tract
Does infection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus cause life long immunity?
No - Epitopes change often enough that your body will not recognize the next infection
How can you prevent Respiratory Syncitial Virus?
NO ANTIVIRALS; NO VACCINE…WASH HANDS
What Viral family does Measles Virus belong to?
Paramyxovirus
What Viral family does Respiratory Syncitial Virus belong to?
Paramyxovirus
What Viral family does Varicella Zoster Virus belong to?
Alphaherpesvirus
What type of genome does Varicella Zoster Virus have?
dsDNA, large
What type of virion does Varicella Zoster Virus have?
Enveloped
What disease does Varicella Zoster Virus cause?
Chickenpox
How does Varicella Zoster Virus replicate?
Must be in an active cell (can infect resting cell and cause latent infection).
What are the symptoms of Varicella Zoster Virus disease?
Fever, malaise, headache followed in 1-2 days by a rash.
What is the difference between smallpox and chickenpox?
Chickenpox is primarily on torso. Smallpox if face/arms/legs.
How is chickenpox prevented?
Vaccination;
Antivirals - Acyclovir; Interferes with genome replication
What family of Virus does Poliovirus belong to?
Picornavirus
What type of genome does Poliovirus have?
(+)ssRNA
What type of virion does Poliovirus have?
Non-enveloped
How does Poliovirus (picornovirus) manipulate the cell for its own growth?
(+)ssRNA can be used as a template for translation when ribosomes attach to their IRES region. They also shut off host cell transcription of 5’ caps so that the ribosomes do not bind to any host mRNA and they are forced to translate the viral (+)ssRNA
How is poliovirus spread?
Ingestion of contaminated material (fecal matter)
What prevention is available for poliovirus?
Two vaccines available - Salk (killed) and Sabin (live attenuated)
What is the family of Rotavirus?
Reoviridae
What type of genome does Rotavirus have?
dsRNA, 11 segments
What type of virion does Rotavirus have?
Non-enveloped
How does a Rotavirus replicate in the cell?
The virus will replicate inside the nucleocapsid - dsRNA never exposes itself to the cell.
How is Rotavirus transfered?
Ingestion of fecally contaminated material
What symptoms are a result of rotavirus?
Vomiting, fever, diarrhea for 3-8 days
How is rotavirus prevented?
No vaccine available
No antivirals
WASH HANDS and RE-HYDRATE after contraction
