CHF Nancy Flashcards
Causes of CHF
Pump failure
obstruction of flow
regurgitant flow
shunted flow
cardiac conduction disorder
How does the heart compensate
Hypertrophy
Frank-Starling (inc preload)
Norepi/renin/ANP
What is concentric hypertrophy
pressure overload
sarcomeres are parallel
What is eccentric hypertophy
volume overload
sarcomeres are added in series
Do capillaries increase with myocyte size
No
How does physiologic hypertrophy differ
It is volume load hypertrophy where the with increased capillary density
Forward failure
poor perfusion of organs and tissues
Backward failure
pulmonary and peripheral congestion/edema
Systolic dysfunction
insufficient CO
decreased EF
Diastolic Dysfunction
Decreased SV or inability to respond to demand
What do you hear in left sided heart failure
S3
What causes atrial fibrilation in left sided heart failure
secondary enlargement of LA
What do you see in left sided heart failure in the lungs
edema
kerley B lines
hemosiderin containing macrophages
What do you see in the kidney in LS heart failure
reduced perfusion
active RAS which worsens edema
What is the most common cause of Right sided heart failure
Left sided heart failure
