chest week 3: air way diseases.

Question 1

what is asthma

Answer 1

chronic inflamation of lungs due to hypersensitivity.

Question 2

what is radiographic appearance of asthma

Answer 2

normal, and is usually taken to exclude further pathology e.g pneumothorax.

bronchial wall thickening (HRCT shows this better)

under an attach it may display hyperinflation

Question 3

What is COPD

Answer 3

chronic obstruction pulmonary disease;

included emphysema, chronic bronchitis,
asthma and bronchiectasis.

Question 4

radiographic appearance of chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

50% have normal chest X-ray, so again taken to exclude further pathology.

dirty chest with bronchial wall thickening

HRCT is useful as it demonstrate the tissue in axial

Question 5

causation and what is Emphysema.

why is HRCT useful

Answer 5

most important aeitological factor is smoking
alveoli destruction

HRCT useful to distinguish between bullae and pneumothorax.

Question 6

what are the 4 types of emphysema.

Answer 6

1) centrilobular
- effects proximal bronchioles (upper lung)
2) panacinar
-distal to terminal bronchioles.
3) irregular
-
4) paraseptal

Question 7

radiographic appearance of emphysema

Answer 7

diaphragm flattening
retrosternal space enlargement
barrel chest appearance.
lung vessel depletion. ( presence of bullae HRCT required)

Question 8

What is bronchiectasis.

Answer 8

widening of bronchi and presences of excess mucous.

Question 9

why is HRCT important for bronchiectasis

Answer 9

shows widening and enlargement of bronchi

Question 10

what is asbestosis.

Answer 10

enhilation of asbestos may show in 20 years. including;

pleural thickening and calcifications. (may be hard to see in chest x-ray) thus ct required.