Chemistry for Life- THE START

Question 1

Why are inorganic ions important

Answer 1

ions play specialised roles in individuals cells and in the functioning of entire organism

Question 2

What is a anion

Answer 2

A negative ion formed when a atom gains electrons

Question 3

What is a cation

Answer 3

a positive ion formed when a atom looses electrons

Question 4

What is the role of nitrate ions

Answer 4

to make DNA and amino acids

Question 5

What is the symbol of nitrate

Answer 5

NO3-

Question 6

What is the role of phospahte ions

Answer 6

to make ATP and ADP

Question 7

What is the symbol of phosphate ions

Answer 7

PO4-3

Question 8

What is the role of chlroine ions

Answer 8

nerve impulses and many secretory systems

Question 9

What is the symbol of chlorine

Answer 9

CI

Question 10

What is the role of hydrogen carbonate ions

Answer 10

needed for buffering the blood to prevent it from becoming acidic

Question 11

What is the symbol for hydrogen carbonate ions

Answer 11

HCO3-

Question 12

What is the role of magnesium ions

Answer 12

produce chlorophyll in plants

Question 13

What is the symbol of magnesium

Answer 13

Mg2+

Question 14

What is the role of calcium ions

Answer 14

needed for the formation of calcium pecate for the middle lamella

Question 15

What is the symbol of calcium

Answer 15

Ca2+

Question 16

Why is water a good polar solvent

Answer 16

many substances dissolve it. Polar or charged molecules dissolve readily in water due to the fact water is dipolar

Question 17

Why is the + of water having a high specific capacity

Answer 17

a lot of energy is required to raise the temperature of water bc some of the heat is used to to breal the h+ bonds between water molecules

(temp of large bodies of water does not change much throughout the year)

Question 18

What is the postive of being water not being compressible

Answer 18

=Provides turgidty to plant cells
it also provides
a hydrostatic skelton for some animals

Question 19

What is the + of water having high surface tension

Answer 19

the attraction between the water molecules including h+ bonds is greater than the attraction between water molecules and the air

The water molecules hold together forming a thin skin of surface tension

Question 20

What is the postive of water having a maximum density of 4oc

Answer 20

as water cools to 4oc maximum D is reached

As it cools the water molecules becomes more widely spaced this results in ice is less dense than the water and floats forming an insulating layer. and helping to prevent the water underneath it form freezing

Question 21

How are hydrogen bonds formed

Answer 21

the slight - charge of oxygen of one water molecule will attract the slight positive hydrogen atoms of other water molecules in a weak electrostatic attraction

Question 22

What is ionic bonding

Answer 22

the atoms involved in the reaction donate or receive electrons

Question 23

What is covalent bonding

Answer 23

atoms involved in the reaction share electrons it can result to to a dipole

Question 24

What is dipole

Answer 24

separation of charge in a molecule when the electrons in covalent bonds are not evenly shared

Question 25

What is a polar molecule

Answer 25

A molecule containing a dipole

Question 26

What are hydrogen bons

Answer 26

weak electrostatic intermolcaur bonds formed between polar molecules containing at least one hydrogen atom