1.2 - Lipids Flashcards
Fats and oils are made up of two organic chemicals
what are they?
fatty acids and glycerol
How do fatty acids and glycerol combine
Ester bonds
In which 2 ways do fatty acids differ
The length of the carbon chain can differ
The fatty acid can be saturated fatty acid or unsaturated fatty acid
What is a saturated fatty acid
A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all single bonds
What is an unsaturated fatty acid
the carbon chains have one or more double covlanet bond in them
What is a monosaturated fatty acid
Had one double bond
What is a polyunstarurated fatty acid
Had more than one double bond
How does a fat or oil form
When glycerol combines with one,two or three fatty acids to form a diglyceride or triglysicide
What is esterfication
is the formation of ester bonds
How is Triglycerides formed
Triglycerides are formed by the condensation of one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid.
A condensation reaction between glycerol and a fatty acid (R-COOH) forms an ester bond
When lipids are oxidised in respiration the bonds are broken down what is it broken down into
Carbon dioxide and water
When lipids are broken down and oxidised and their bonds are broken down what can this reaction be used to drive
The production of ATP
What is the diffrence between lipids and carbohydrates
Lipids such as triglyidicde store about 3x as much energy as the same mass of carbohyrdates
What is the pro of lipids being a a good insulator
A fatty sheath insulates your nerves so the eletrical impulse travels faster
Which lipid waterproofs the fur and feathers of mamals and birds
Oil