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General Chemistry > chemistry chapter 1 > Flashcards

chemistry chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the states of matter?

A
  1. Solid
  2. Liquid
  3. Gas
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2
Q

Model (Theories)

A

Based on the experiments that test hypotheses about observation shows scienific things from speculation

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3
Q

The Scientific Methods Includes what type of procedures?

A
  1. Observation
  2. Hypothesis
  3. Experiment
  4. Model
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4
Q

What are the properties of matter change ?

A

Physical change & physical properties

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5
Q

________ error always occurs but the size of it depends on how much the user mess up

A

Random Error

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6
Q

Converision Equations between Clesius & Fahrenheit

A

°F = 9/5(°C + 32) , °C = 5/9(°F - 32)

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7
Q

Chemical Properties

A

Characteristics a substance shows as it changes intoa new element or substance

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8
Q

Random Error

A

In the absence of systematic error, produces values that are higher & lower than actual value

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9
Q

What is the freezing point in the Celsius Scale & the differece in degrees?

A

Freezes at 0° & boils at 100° (100° difference )

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10
Q

An experiment contains two variables: _______ & _________, its usually a _______ experiement to measure the affects of the dependent variable

A

Independent Variable & Dependent Variable, & Controlled Experiment

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11
Q

________ can be altered but _______ cant

A

Hypothesis , Experiment Results

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12
Q

Physical change is caused by ______ and can be reversed by _______

A
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13
Q

A ________ explains how phenomeon occurs where its a simplified but not an exact representation of some aspect of nature that we use to predict related phenoneon

A

Model (Theories)

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14
Q

Accuracy

A

refers to how close each measuremnt is to the actual value

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15
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Is the energy due to the motion of the object

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16
Q

Examples of Extensive Properites

A

Mass& Volume

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17
Q

Difference between phyiscal & chemical change

A

Physical change- has the same substance before & after

Chemical change- different substance before & after

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18
Q

Physical Change

A

No change in composition

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19
Q

Systematic Error

A

Produces values that are either all higher or all lower than the actual value (In the device being used)

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20
Q

In a ______ particles are tightly close to each other, in _______ particles are very spaced out, & in a _______ particles are closely together but have space to move

A

Solid, Gas, Liquid

21
Q

Hypothesis

A

Is a proposal made to explain an observation, where it doesnt need to be correct but testable by an experiment (If the results dont support it then it must be discarded or revised)

22
Q

Preicison(Reproducibility)

A

Refers to how close the measurements in a series are to one another

23
Q

What is the freezing & Boiling point in the Kelvin Scale & the differece in degrees?

A

Freezes at 273K & Boils at 373K (100° difference)

24
Q

________ measurements have low _______ & generally low random error

A

Accurate measurements , low systematic error

25
Q

Heat

A

Is the energy that flows from one object with higher temp to an object with lower temp

26
Q

What is chemistry

A

the scientific study of matter & its properties, the changes that matter undergoes & the energy associated with those changes

27
Q

Temperature

A

Is a measure of how hot or cold one object is relative to another

28
Q

Examples of chemical properties

A

Flammability, corrosiveness, & reactivity with acids

29
Q

Matter

A

is the stuff in the universe that has mass

30
Q

Extensive Properties

A

Are dependent on the amount of substance present

31
Q

Chemical Change(Chemcial Reaction)

A

Occurs when one or more substance are converted into one or more new substance with different compostition & properties

32
Q

Physical & Chemical changes both has a change in __________

A

Energy

33
Q

Energy

A
34
Q

Chemical Change

A

A change in composition

35
Q

_______ measurements have low ______; small deviations from the average

A

Precise measurements, low random error

36
Q

What is the freezing & Boiling point in the Fahrenheit Scale & the differece in degrees?

A

Freezes at 32° & Boils at 212° (180° Difference)

37
Q

The total energy an object has is the sum of its __________ & ___________

A

Potential & Kinetic enegry (Mechanical Energy)

38
Q

Observation

A

The facts within our ideas, where quantitative observation is must useful because they can be analyzed to reveal trends & pieces of quantitive info are data

39
Q

Gas

A

has varying shape that takes the form if the container

40
Q

Natural law

A

When observations are made by many people and get the same results

41
Q

Intensive Properties

A

Independent of the amount og substance (Ex. Denisty )

42
Q

Solid

A

has a fixed shape that doesnt take the shape of the container

43
Q

Liquid

A

has a variety of shapes that takes the form of the but only to the extent of the liquid volume

44
Q

Physical Properties

A

Are characteristics a substance shows by itself without changing into another element (What you see when you first look at it)

45
Q

Examples of physical properties

A

Color, Melting Point, Electrical conducivity, & density

46
Q

__________ are more stable than ________

A

Lower energy, Higher Energy

47
Q

Potential Energy

A

Is the energy due to the position of the object’s relative to other objects

48
Q

Experiment

A

A set of prodecural steps that test a hypothesis an experiment often leads to a revised hypothesis & new experiments to test it

General Chemistry (14 decks)

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