Chemistry Bonding, structure and properties of matter Nov 2017

Question 0

When are separating funnels used?

Answer 0

When two immiscible liquids are together

Question 1

What is evaporation used for?

Answer 1

Used to separate a dissolved liquid

Question 2

What is filtration used for?

Answer 2

Used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid

Question 3

What is distillation used for?

Answer 3

Used to separate a solvent from a solution

Question 4

What is chromatography used for?

Answer 4

To separate mixtures of substances dissolved in a solvent

Question 5

What is a lattice structure?

Answer 5

A regular structure containing a massive number of particles that continues in all directions throughout the structure

Question 6

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 6

The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 7

What are the properties of ionic substances?

Answer 7

They have high melting points, they do not conduct electricity as a solid but do as a solution and liquid, they are hard and brittle

Question 8

What are the positive ions that you need to know?

Answer 8

Al 3+ 
H+
Cu 2+
Fe 2+
Fe 3+
Ag+
NH(4)+

Question 9

What are the negative ions that you need to know?

Answer 9

H-
OH-
NO(3)-
SO(4) 2-
CO(3) 2-
HCO(3)-

Question 10

What method can you use when combining ions?

Answer 10

Cr 3- + O 2- –> Cr(2) O(3)

Swap the two ionic numbers around and put them in subscript

Read work book for more help

Question 11

What is a molecule?

Answer 11

A molecule is a particle made from atoms joined together by covalent bonds

Question 12

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 12

Two shared electrons joining atoms together

Question 13

What Ion do you need for each group?

Answer 13

Group 1: X 1+
Group 2: X 2+
Group 6: X 2-
Group 7: X 1-
Transition metals: Roman numerals (e.g. Fe II = Fe 2+)

Question 14

What is an intermolecular force?

Answer 14

An intermolecular force is weak forces between molecules

Question 15

What is the difference between a molecular formula and an empirical formula?

Answer 15

The molecular formula is the actual number of atoms (e.g. H(2)O(2)) where as the empirical formula is the simplest ratio (e.g. HO)

Question 16

What are the four giant covalent substances?

Answer 16

Diamond, Graphite, Silicon and silica

Question 17

How strong are the covalent bonds in giant graphite substances?

Answer 17

Very strong

Question 18

Giant covalent substances are huge networks of ……?

Answer 18

Atoms

Question 19

What is a polymer?

Answer 19

Polymers are very long chains of mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms joined by covalent bonds

Question 20

What is a monatomic substance?

Answer 20

An substance with only one atom

Question 21

What is a thermosoftening polymer?

Answer 21

A polymer with no bonds between atoms that softens and melts when heated